摘要
在海洋工程设计中，水位极值是一个重要的设计参数。对塘沽海洋站54a每小时的水位观测资料（1950-2003）和38a的海面风观测资料（1965-2003）进行了分析，探讨了该站水位的变化特征及海面风与水位极值的相关关系。分析结果表明，在水位时间序列中M2分潮占总能量的60％以上，六个主要分潮M2，S2，N2，K2，K1和O1占总能量的93％以上。年平均海平面的变化并不是简单的线性变化，而是存在3～5a的周期性波动，这可能与厄尔尼诺、太阳黑子活动和交点周期等周期性和准周期性变化过程有关。由54a实测资料计算得的年平均海平面的年变率为1．64mm/a。54a中最高水位为5．81m，发生在1992年9月；最低水位为-0．99m，发生在1968年11月。100a一遇的最高水位为6．02m，由偏东向风引起，而西向风引起塘沽海洋站减水。对于100a一遇的各向最大风速，北向偏东风的100a一遇的风速为最大，其值为26．78m／s，其可能引起的最大增水为2．06m。西风的100a一遇最大风速为20．5m/s，其可能引起的减水水位为2．28m。
Hourly water level data observed during 1950-2003 and surface wind data observed during 1965-2003 at the Tanggu station in Tianjin are analyzed. The results show that the semidiurnal constituents M2, S2, N2, K2, and diurnal constituents K1 and O1 account for more than 93% of the tidal potential energy （M2 constituent is the predominant constituent which itself accounts for more than 68% of the tidal potential energy）. Annual mean sea level rises at the rate of 1.64 mm/year, and includes fluctuations with the time period of 3-5 years as well. The highest water level during the 54 years is 5.87 m occurring in September of 1992, and the lowest water level is -0.99 m occurring in November of 1968. The extreme water level of 100 year return period is 6.02 m. The eastern winds and the western winds cause the positive water levels and the negative water levels, respectively. The maximum surface wind speed of 100 year return period is 31.09 m/s of northwestern winds （NW）, which may reduce 2.23 m of water levels. The maximum speed of 100 year return period for the northeastern wind （N＋） is 26.78 m/s, which causes the highest water rise of 2.06 m among winds in eight directions.
出处
《海洋通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期29-35,共7页
Marine Science Bulletin
基金
国际自然科学基金项目(40376010)资助
关键词
海洋站(塘沽)
水位变化
水位极值
海面风
water level variations
extreme water levels, winds
Tanggu station
