摘要
地表径流挟带土壤氮进入水体是造成水体面源污染的主要途径之一。本研究依区域年降雨量的差异,将抚仙湖磷矿开采区年降雨量分别为1200～1300mm和1000～1100mm的区域划分为东大河流域磷矿区和帽天山磷矿区两个研究单元,通过设置野外径流小区,在自然降雨状态下对磷矿开采废弃地与矿区现有主要植被类型土壤营养元全氮随径流流失量进行比较研究。研究结果表明:降雨强度是矿山废弃地产流的关键因子,在大、暴雨状态下矿山废弃地土壤TN流失量远大于各植被类型,对抚仙湖水质产生不利的影响。各植被类型土壤TN随径流流失量主要取决于地表径流量,径流中TN含量对其影响不大,流失总量次序与径流总量次序相一致,表现为:灌草丛>云南松灌丛>云南松混交林>华山松林>竹林>桉树林,除灌草丛外各植被类型均能对土壤TN流失起到较强的截留作用。
The surface runoff with soil nitrogen flowing into water bodies is one of the major ways that causes non-point source pollution of water. According to the difference of the annual rainfall volume, the phosphorus ore mining area of Fuxian Lake watershed was divided into Dongda River watershed phosphorus ore region（1 200-1 300 mm） and Maotian Mountain phosphorus ore region （1 000-1 100 mm） as two research units. Through setting up the field observation experiments, the paper made parallel researches on the soil TN loss volume with runoff of mine discard land and major vegetation type of mining area under natural rainfall state. The research results indicate： Rainfall intensity was the key factor of soil TN loss in mine discard land . The soil TN loss volume in mine discard land was far larger than each vegetation type under heavy rain and rainstorm, and produces unfavorable influence to water of Fuxian Lake. The soil TN loss volume of each vegetation type depended on the surface runoff volume. The order of soil TN loss volume was in accordance with the order of each vegetation runoff total loss volume, run as follow： shrub-grass land 〉 clump of Pinus yunnanensis〉 Pinus yunnanensis woods 〉Mixed forest 〉Pinus armandii woods〉bamboo woods〉 eucalyptus woods, and they can take detained function effectively to soil nitrogen except shrub-grass land.
出处
《云南地理环境研究》
2006年第4期20-26,共7页
Yunnan Geographic Environment Research
基金
云南省玉溪市环保局"抚仙湖流域磷矿开采区对抚仙湖影响研究"项目资助
关键词
降雨径流
土壤TN流失量
现有植被
截留
抚仙湖磷矿开采区
runoff volume of rainfall
soil TN loss volume
present vegetation
interception
Phosphorus ore mining areas of Fuxian Lake
