摘要
目的了解目前市售木质人造板甲醛的释放量,研究不同板材甲醛的衰减规律以及甲醛消除剂的效果。方法应用小型环境测试舱(60L)和甲醛测定仪,在一定温度(23℃)、相对湿度(45%)和空气交换率(1次/h)的条件下对各种木质板材(细木工板,医用胶合板,中密度纤维板等)的甲醛释放量进行测定。结果细木工板的甲醛释放量大都接近或超过1.2mg/(m2·h)的释放水平,且差异很大(RSD=61.0%);中密度纤维板大多数板型的甲醛释放量在0.7～1.0mg/(m2·h)之间,差异不大(RSD=18.8%);医用胶合板的甲醛释放量介于0.3～0.9mg/(m2·h)之间。取用的3种细木工板材,10～15d后测得的甲醛浓度降为原来的25%左右,然后逐渐趋于平衡。板材涂敷甲醛消除剂后甲醛释放有明显下降。结论各类木质板材甲醛释放量有明显差别,刚出厂时普遍超过国家限制标准,在一定条件下经长时间放置,甲醛释放量会逐步下降到国家规定范围以内。使用甲醛消除剂可以有效降低甲醛释放量,但一段时间后有失效的可能,其有效时间需要研究确定。
Objective To understand the emission rate and the attenuation rule of formaldehyde in the artificial woodiness boards for sell in China and to study the efficiency of formaldehyde-eliminator. Methods With the small Climate-Chamber and 4160 formaldehyde-analyzer, quantity of formaldehyde released from some kinds of woodiness boards was analyzed under the different condition of temperature, relative humidity and ventilation cycle. Results The emission rate of formaldehyde in most veneers was over 1.2 mg/（m^2·h）, in most of moderate density fibreboard, it was 0.7-1.0 mg/（m^2· h） and in the veneer for medical application, it was 0.3-0.9 mg/（m^2·h）. Formaldehyde emission rates of all the three kinds of woodiness boards investigated in the present study showed a fall of 75% in a period of time after made, and met the National Standard of China. The formaldehyde eliminator could reduce the emission rate of formaldehyde remarkably, however the effect perhaps weakened in a short time. Conclusion The formaldehyde emission rates in all kinds of woodiness boards investigated in the present paper are different, they exceed the National Standard of China while the boards made immediately and will reduce after 10-15 days in a given condition. The formaldehyde eliminator used in the study shows a remarkable effect but lasts only a short time.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期297-299,共3页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
卫生部"十五"国家科技攻关项目(2001BA704B02)
关键词
空气污染
室内
甲醛
木质板材
Air pollution, indoor
, Formaldehyde
Wooden board
