摘要
活性染料是近年来发展最快的一类染料，在纺织品染色和印花中的应用愈来愈加重要。活性染料在水相中应用被水解很难完全避免，因此活性染料的固色率最高也只有90％左右，低的只有30％～40％，这给应用和环保带来了不少问题。
近年来国内外研究通过交联和聚合反应来提高活性染料的利用率受到大家注意。作者对此也作了一些研究，本文系统地介绍了这方面的研究和应用进展，并称这种染色为“活性染料交联和聚合染色”。这两种染色的基础是结合活性染料的固色与交联剂的交联反应，或者结合活性染料的固色与自身聚合反应，前者使水解染料可以交联固着，后者通过染料聚合，染料可以聚合体共价固着在纤维中。两种方法都可大大提高活性染料的利用率，并可以防止纤维组成脱落，提高纺织品的机械物理性能，达到染色、纤维改性和功能整理多种目的，这两种染色方法为活性染料的应用提供了一条新思路。
Reactive dye is one of the most quickly developed dyes recently, and it shows more and more important in the dyeing and printing spheres for fabrics. Reactive dyes are being used in aqueous phase, and theirs hydrolytic reactions with water are inevitable; and thus the highest degree of fixation for reactive dyes are only around 90%; the lower ones are only 30%-40%; as a result, they brought big problems to practical application and environment protection.
The recent research orientation on raising the reactive dyes＇ utilization ratio at home and abroad are being paid on attention to through the ways of crosslinking and polymerization reactions. Several relevant works have been done by the author, and the progress of the researches and applications on the title topic have been presented systematically in the article, Such dyeing ways are named as ： ＂Reactive Dyes＇ Crossliking and Polymerization Dyeing＂ . Their foundamental principles are combining reactive dyes＇ fixation with crosslinking agent＇s crosslinking reaction, or combining reactive dye＇s fixation with its self-polymerization. The former one makes the hydrolyzed dye being able to be crosslinking-fixed, and the latter one makes the dye being able to covalent-fixed on the fibre through its self-polymerization. Both of the ways could raise the reactive dye＇s utilization ratio greatly and could prevent the fibre component abscission. Meanwhile, they could improve fabrics mechano-physical properties and achieve multiple-targets of dyeing, fibre modification and function finishing.
出处
《上海染料》
2006年第3期1-10,共10页
Shanghai Dyestuffs
关键词
活性染料
交联和聚合染料
共价固着
纤维改性
功能整理
Reactive dyer Crosslinking and polymerization dyeing, Covalent fixatiom Fibre modification. Function finishing
