摘要
发展虾池生态系统功能，采用围隔实验方法，研究了凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaenus vannamei）、青蛤（Cyclina sinensis）、江蓠（Gracilaria lictwooides）混养生态系统能量收支和能量转换效率。结果表明，实验期间所接受的总太阳辐射能为1854．4 MJ·m^-2。各混养处理光合能显著高于对照。混养各处理光能利用率为0．23％～0．36％，随江蓠放养密度的增加而升高，显著高于对虾单养（0．14％）（P〈0．05）。各混养处理与对虾单养相比，系统总能转化率分别提高了113．4％，94．2％，116．02％和41．91％。单位净产量耗总能则平均比对虾单养降低62．22％，但各处理饲料能转化率差异不明显（P〉0．05）。各处理底泥沉积能量为0．71～1．38MJ，分别占总输出能的3．66％～8．61％，沉积量平均比对虾单养（1．65MJ）降低20．14％。可以看出，江蓠和青蛤混养可以显著提高对虾池光能利用率和投入系统总能的转化效率，降低虾池能量的沉积，进而大幅提高系统能量利用率。
With land-based enclosures set in a pond, the studies were designed and conducted to analyze the energy budget, conversion efficiency in the polyculture of shrimp Litopenaenus vannamei together with bivale Cyclina sinensis and seaweed Gracilaria lichevoides. The results indicated that the total solar radiation energy input was 1854.4MJ·m-2. The photosynthetic energy efficiency reached 0.23%-0.36% in the polyculture systems, significantly higher than in a monoculture system （p 〈 0.05）. And the photosynthetic energy efficiency increased with the increase of stocking density of Gracilaria lichevoides in the polyculture systems. Compared with monoculture, the total energy conversion efficiency increased 113.4 %, 94.2 %, 116.02 % and 41.91% respectively; the total energy consumption per unit of net yield was on average reduced by 62.22% in the polyculture systems. There was no significant difference in the feeding energy conversion efficiency between monoculture and polyculture systems （p 〉0.05）. The sediment energies were 0.71MJ- 1.38MJ, which accounted for 3.66%-8.61% of the output energies respectively. The average sediment energy in the polyculture systems was 20.14 % less than in the monoculture, whose sediment energy was 1.65MJ. This study demonstrated that the polyculture of shrimp with bivalve and seaweed can raise the solar energy utilization rate and total energy conversion efficiency, reduce the sediment energy, therefore increase energy utilization greatly for polyculture systems.
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第B05期27-32,共6页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
"十五"科技攻关项目(2004BA526B0402)
国家高技术研究发展规划项目(2002AA648010)资助
关键词
能量收支
能量转化效率
混养
生态效益
energy budget
energy conversion efficiency
polyculture
ecologic efficiency
