摘要
目的:采用问卷调查法和三维运动生物力学分析法,分析国家优秀女子铁饼运动员旋转开始阶段膝关节急性损伤的原因。方法:2004-06发放调查问卷28份,调查28名优秀女子铁饼运动员(国家健将级14名,二级14名)膝关节损伤构成比。2005-03采用近景动态立体摄影的测量方法,用两台有电子快门的进口松下摄像机,对运动员现场比赛、训练进行定点拍摄,拍摄频率为50Hz。再采用爱捷运动录像快速反馈分析系统,进行图像采样和数据计算,获取生物力学指标。重点分析女子铁饼运动员旋转开始阶段膝关节可能出现的运动损伤及其呈现的生物力学特点,包括右脚离着地瞬间至左脚离地瞬间右膝角和左膝角等指标。结果:28份问卷全部收回,有效率100%。①膝关节损伤构成比:国家健将组运动员依次是髌骨软骨病29%、内侧副韧带损伤18%、半月板损伤17%,国家二级运动员依次为髌骨软骨病25%、内侧副韧带损伤21%、半月板损伤15%。②从右脚离着地瞬间至左脚离地瞬间的过程中,国家健将级运动员右膝角由115°升为120°,增加了15°,左膝角由98°升为131°,增加了33°;二级运动员右膝角由105°升为119°,增加了14°,左膝角由98°升为132°,增加了34°,两组运动员右膝角及左膝角变化幅度相差不大。结论:旋转开始阶段,运动员膝关节易发生左膝内侧副韧带损伤和膝内侧半月板损伤。
AIM： To explore the reasons for the acute injury of knee joint at the beginning phase of rotation in excellent female discus athletes by means of questionnaires and three-dimensional kinematics analysis.
METHODS： A total of 28 questionnaires were sent out in June 2004 to explore the formation rate of injury of knee joint of 28 excellent female discus athletes （14 national masters of sports and 14 second grade athletes）. In March 2005, by the close-range dynamic sterephotogrammetry method, the live competition and training of the athletes were pointed and shot in a frequency of 50 Hz with two Panasnnic video cameras with electronic shutters, and then sampling of the graphs and calculation of the data were conducted to acquire the biomechanical indexes by the EIMG video rapid feedback analysis system. The possible sports injury and its biomechanical characteristics of the female discus athletes at the beginning phase of rotation were analyzed including the indexes of ＂the angles between the instant away of the right foot and the instant away of the left foot.
RESULTS： All the 28 questionnaires were received with 100% retrieving rate. ②Formation rate of the injury of knee joint： 29% of the national masters of sports with chondromalacia patellae, 18% with injury of medial accessory ligament and 17% with injury of meniscus; 25% of the national second grade athletes with chondromalacia patellae, 21% with injury of medial accessory ligament and 15% with injury of meniscus. ②The changes of angles of knee joint between the instant away of the two feet were as followed： The national master-sport athletes： the angle of right knee changed from 115° to 120°, increased 15°, the angle of left knee changed from 98° to 131°, increased 33°; the second grade athletes： the angle of right knee changed from 105° to 119°, increased 14°; the angle of left knee changed from 98° to 132°, increased 34°. The changes were not distinguished between the two grades of athletes.
CONCLUSION： At the begi
出处
《中国临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第24期69-71,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
