摘要
采用静态试验和动态试验法,研究了3种酸性土壤和3种碱性土壤中施入过碳酰胺对土壤pH值变化、氨挥发特性、氮素转化及Al元素活性的影响。结果表明,土壤酸碱性对过碳酰胺水解的影响与过碳酰胺浓度有关。常温下,酸性土壤的pH值在短期内都随着加入过碳酰胺浓度的增大而急剧升高,而碱性土壤的pH值却是随着加入过碳酰胺浓度的增加先升高再降低然后又升高。动态试验表明,pH值升高的现象是短期的,6种土壤pH值达到最大值后缓慢下降,2周后3种碱性土壤的pH降到比原来更低的程度。氨挥发强度与pH变化同步,在酸性土壤和碱性土壤中,氨气日挥发量都是从小到大出现峰值,然后又降低。酸性土壤氨挥发强度峰值在第7d左右出现,碱性土壤的氨挥发强度峰值在第3d左右出现。各处理NH4+-N含量和NO-3-N含量在前2￣4周增加到峰值,而后开始下降并保持不变。短期内,交换性Al随着过碳酰胺浓度的增大而急剧下降,交换性Al含量与土壤pH变化呈显著负相关。
Percarbamide is an important chemical product and a new fertilizer, and has been used in china in recently years. Changes of pH, volatilization of ammonia, perearbamide -N transformation and active Al in 3 acidic soils and 3 alkali soils caused by percarbamide application were studied. The results indicated that： effects of acidity and alkalinity of soil on percarbamide hydrolysis were correlated with the concentration of perearbamide. At 25℃, the changes of pH in acidic soils increased quickly, while the changes of pH in alkali soils increased first, then fell, rose again, with the increasing concentrations of applied perearbamide. The time-course experiment revealed that the increase of soil pH was short-term, with a subsequently slow drop after reached their maximum, and pH of 3 alkali soils were less than original after 2 weeks. Ammonia volatilization intensity, NH4^＋-N and NO3^--N were greatly similar to soil pH, they followed the changes of soil pH ： rose to maximum, and then fell between 3 acidic soils and 3 alkali soils. The maximum of ammonia volatilization intensity in 3 acidic soils and 3 alkali soils had persisted for 7th day and third day respectively; NH4^＋-N and NO3^--N in 6 soils rose to maximum after 2-4 weeks, then dropped and kept constant value. Soil exchangeable Al decreased sharply with the increasing concentrations of percarbamide in 3 acidic soils, and there was a significant negative relationship between soil exchangeable Al and soil pH in a short-term period.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期716-721,共6页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
教育部重点资助项目(156-00209)
湖南农业大学创新科技基金(04PT02)
关键词
过碳酰胺
土壤
PH
氨气挥发
过碳酰胺N转化
交换性Al
percarbamide
soil
pH
volatilization of ammonia
percarbamide -N transformation, exchangeable Al
