摘要
目的揭示临床常见细菌分离株的耐药性现状,探讨监测中存在的不足。方法药物敏感试验采用琼脂纸片扩散法,药敏试验数据分析采用WHONET5·3软件,依据美国临床实验室标准化委员会制定的药敏试验结果解释标准以及数据分析和阐述的推荐标准进行。结果(1)收集全国8省市自治区52家三级甲等医院首次分离株44312株的细菌耐药性监测资料。常见菌株没有明显的变化,仍然以大肠埃希菌、绿脓假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌为主。(2)分离菌株根据菌株的种类和标本来源进行不同菌种(属)的耐药率分析,分析中发现2003年产超广谱β内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌菌株的分离率分别为20·1%(1248/6209)、22·7%(804/3543),MRSA(苯唑西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌)的分离率不低于42·3%,苯唑西林耐药的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的分离率高达74·8%。(3)多数革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星和头孢他啶敏感;未发现对糖肽类抗菌药物耐药的葡萄球菌。结论由于常见菌株对临床常用药物的耐药率不断的增高,应当加强病原菌的耐药性监测。
Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates collected in China in 2003, and to explore the problems in the surveillance and explanation of the results. Methods All strains collected were identified by the routine methods. Disc diffusion test was used to study the antimicrobial susceptibility. The data were analyzed by WHONET5. 3 software. Results （ 1 ） Most common isolates were Escherichia coli, Klebslella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results were similar to those in 2002. （2） The incidence of MRSA, MRCNS, ESBL producing strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca was 42. 3% ,74. 8% ,20. 1% ,22.7% ,20. 9% respectively. （3） Most isolates of gram-negative bacilli were susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, cefepime, amikacin and ceftazidime. No isolates of staphylococci were resistant to vancomycin. Conclusions It is important to survey antimicrobial susceptibility of the most common clinical isolates.
出处
《中华检验医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期452-457,共6页
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
关键词
药物监测
微生物敏感性试验
参考标准
Drug monitoring
Microbial sensitivity tests
Reference standas
