摘要
应用叶尔羌河流域的9个水文、气象站的观测资料,分析了叶尔羌河流域的气温、降水、径流的变化特征。结果显示:年代际时间尺度上叶尔羌河全流域以及帕米尔高原区、低山丘陵区、平原区在20世纪90年代以来呈明显的增暖、变湿趋势;44 a来年平均气温均呈显著的线性增加趋势,帕米尔高原区秋季温度上升最显著,平原区冬季升温最显著;帕米尔高原区与平原地区均以夏季降水的线性增湿最为显著;近50 a来,叶尔羌河流域中,仅提兹那甫河年径流量呈显著线性增加趋势,叶尔羌河年径流量虽然也呈线性增加趋势,但不显著;叶尔羌河与提兹那甫河年径流量自70年代以来呈反位相变化。
Located in the southwestern part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the western marginal zone of the Tarim Basin, the Yarkant River （34°50＇-40°31＇N, 74°28＇-80°54＇E）, 1097 km in length, is the longest river in the Tarim River Basin, and its catchment area is 9.89×10^4 km^2, in which the areas of the mountainous regions and the plains are 6.08×10^4 km^2 and 3.81×10^4 km^2, and they occupy 61.5% and 38.5% of the total catchment area of the basin, respectively. In this paper, the change characteristics of air temperature and precipitation in the Yarkant River Basin are analyzed based on the data measured by 9 hydrological and meteorological stations in the basin. The results reveal that, at the decade scale, both temperature and precipitation have been significantly increased in the Yarkant River Basin, the Pamirs, hilly regions and plains since the 1990s. The mean annual temperature has been in a linear increase trend in the Yarkant River Basin, the Parnirs, hilly regions and plains since recent 44 years, and the temperature increase is the most significant in autumn in the Parnirs but in winter in the plains. The linear increase of precipitation is the most significant in summer in the Pamirs and the plains. In the Yarkant River Basin, the linear increase of annual runoff volume of the Tiznap River is significantly only, and that of the Yarkant River is not so significant although the annual runoff volume of the river is in a linear increase trend. At the decade temporal scale, the change of annual runoff volume of the Yarkant River is reverse comparing with that of the Tiznap River since 1970.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期203-209,共7页
Arid Zone Research
基金
科技部社会公益研究专项"塔里木河流域气候暖湿化及人类活动对地表水资源的影响"资助
关键词
气温
降水
径流
叶尔羌河
新疆
air temperature
precipitation
annual runoff volume
the Yarkant River.
