摘要
目的 评价医务人员接种流感疫苗的效果和效益。方法 选取北京市朝阳区和宣武区部分医院在2004年10～11月间接种过流感疫苗的487名医务人员为接种组，按照年龄、性别、医院工作的科室等条件，选取匹配的未接种流感疫苗的465名医务人员为对照组。采用流行病学队列研究方法，在基线调查的基础上，分别于流感疫苗接种（基线调查）后的第1、3、6个月对接种组和对照组进行随访。结果 接种后1个月内，对心脑血管疾病的保护率为53．6％，减少了85、7％的就诊率。接种1～3个月内，对流感样疾病的保护率为11．8％，减少了13．4％的就诊率；对呼吸系统疾病的保护率为15．8％，减少了13．1％的就诊率；对心脑血管疾病和糖尿病的保护率为15．0％，减少了22．0％就诊率。接种3～6个月内，分别减少了流感样疾病和呼吸系统疾病17．3％和29．9％的就诊率；对心脑血管疾病和糖尿病的保护率为67．1％，减少了75.5％的就诊率。接种疫苗后1个月、3个月和6个月后，人均接种效益分别为192．26元、124．90元和277．80元。效益成本比分别为2．65：1、1.72：1和3．83：1。结论 医务人员接种流感疫苗能够减少流感样疾病和呼吸系统疾病的发生，降低流感相关慢性疾病的发病率和复发率，且能够获得较高的成本效益。
Objective To estimate the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine among the heahhcare workers in hospital. Methods An epidemiologic cohort study was used. 487 healthcare workers who inoculated the influenza vaccine during Oct-Nov, 2004 as vaccine group, and 465 heahhcare workers who didn＇t inoculated but can match the vaccine group as control group, One baseline survey and three fellow up surveys were carried out. Results During one month after influenza vaccination the protective rate of cardiovascular disease and diabetes was 53.6% and 85.7% visit clinic rate was decreased. During one to three month after influenza vaccination, the protective rates of influenza like disease was 11.8% and 13.4% visit clinic rate was diseased; the protective rate of respiratory diseases was 15.8% and 13. 1% visit clinic rate was decreased; the protective rate of cardiovascular disease and diabetes was 15.0% and 22.0% visit clinic rate decreased. During three to six after influenza vaccination, 17.3% and 29. 9% visit clinic rates of influenza like disease and respiratory diseases ware decreased; the protective rate of cardiovascular disease and diabetes was 67.1% and 75.5% visit clinic rate was decreased. After 1 month, 3 month and 6 month of influenza vaccination, the net costs （savings） were 192. 26 yuan, cardiovascular disease and diabetes was 67.1% and 75.5% visit clinic rate was decreased. After 1 month, 3 month and 6 month of influenza vaccination, the net costs （savings） were 192. 26 yuan, 124. 90 yuan and 277. 80 yuan ; the benefit-cost ratios were 2. 65 ： 1 , 1.72：1 and3.83：1. Conclusion The influenza vaccination can decrease influenza like diseases, respiratory diseases incidence and related cardiovascular disease recurrence rate in heahhcare workers in hospital and obtain better economic benefits.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
2006年第9期708-711,共4页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
医务人员
流感疫苗
治疗结果
费用效益分析
Medical staff
Influenza vaceines
Treatment outcome
Cost- benefit analysis
