摘要
目的:旨在描述心理评估机制和应对过程可能通过影响神经内分泌系统来决定创伤的愈后。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline1989-01/2005-06与创伤后应激障碍的生物心理学特征相关的文献,检索词包括“Posttraumaticstressdisorder,Coping,Appraisal,Stress,Trauma”等,并限定文章语言种类为English。同时手动检索获得相关资料。资料选择:对资料进行初审,纳入标准为:创伤后应激障碍的机制及其相关的治疗方面的文献,排除标准:重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集34篇相关的文献,排除重复研究的文献,选择了与主题最为相近的19篇文献用于综述。资料综合:创伤后应激障碍是一种有明确心理社会应激源病因的精神状态。在创伤后应激障碍患者中,有大脑结构和功能变化、神经内分泌失调和心理生理先天性畸形者,创伤后应激障碍也可加重躯体症状和疾病。心理评估和应对在适应创伤的心理和生物反应中很重要。人类对不同类型的应激情况有不同的应对策略。寻求社会支持是另一种积极应对策略,应对方式的个体差异也可能影响创伤后从应激不良到功能障碍的转化。结论:对创伤生物心理学和创伤后应激障碍的研究,将提高对适应应激源的认识,帮助联合治疗创伤的心理和生物学后遗症。
OBJECTIVE： To describe that mechanism of psychological assessment and coping processes may determine the outcome by affecting the neuroendocrine system.
DATA SOURCES： An online search was conducted on Medline for articles related to the psychobiological characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） between January 1989 and June 2005 with the key words of ＂posttraumatic stress disorder, coping, appraisal, stress, trauma＂ etc. and the language was limited to English. Meanwhile, relevant articles were manually retrieved. STUDY SELECTION： The data were checked preliminarily with the inclusion criteria： literatures on the mechanism and treatment of PTSD. Exclusive criteria： repetitive studies.
DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 34 relevant papers were collected, and repetitive studies were excluded. Ninety articles that closely related with the topic were selected to review.
DATA SYNTHESIS： PTSD is a mental state with specific psychosocial stressor. In patients with PTSD, the somatic symptoms and illnesses are aggravated in those with alterations in brain structure and functions, dysregulation in neuroendocrine system and psychophysiological abnormalities. Psychological assessment and coping are very important in adaptive psychological and biological responses to trauma. Seeking for social support is another negative coping strategy. The individual differences of coping style may also affect the transformation of adverse stress to handicap after trauma.
CONCLUSION： Study on psychobiology of trauma and PTSD will enhance our understanding of adaptation to stressors and contribute to the treatment of psychological and biological sequelaes of trauma.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第18期149-151,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
