摘要
长江江豚,即江豚扬子亚种,是仅分布于长江及附属湖泊中的唯一江豚淡水亚种,也是3个江豚亚种中最濒危的一个亚种。本文概述了30年来国内外关于长江江豚繁殖生物学方面的研究成果,主要从繁殖生态学、组织解剖学、生理学以及行为学等4个方面阐述了长江江豚繁殖生物学研究现状,并对其中一些相互矛盾和有争议的问题进行了分析。探讨了今后研究中应注意的重点问题,力图为长江江豚的繁殖生物学研究指明方向,为早日实现长江江豚的人工繁殖奠定基础。
There are three Neophocaena phocaetugides subspecies recognized in Chinese waters： South China Sea population, N. p. phocaenoides ; Yellow Sea population, N. p. sunameri; and Yangtze population, N. p. asiaeorientalis. The Yangtze population, or Yangtze finless porpoise, is the most endangered subspecies that only inhabits in the Yangtze River and its adjacent lake systems. It is a unique freshwater and relatively isolated population of the Neophocaena. The wild population of the Yangtze finless porpoise has decreased drastically in last two decades because it also inescapably suffers the impacts of the deterioration of the Yangtze environment as the Baiji （ Lipotes vexillifer） does, such as construction of hydropower facilities, overmuch and illegal fishing, busy water traffic, and heavily water pollution etc. It is no doubt that it is very important to protect and rehabilitate the natural Yangtze habitats. However, it seems that there is no chance for improvement of the Yangtze environment in the foreseeable future. Therefore, it is a practical measure to protect the animal from extinction by ex-situ conservation in a long run. Captive breeding is seen as one of essential practices of the ex-situ conservation for this animal. Obviously, the necessary knowledge on breeding biology plays a key role for successful captive breeding. To better understand the data on reproductive biology of the Yangtze finless porpoise, the previous works on the reproduction of the animal in recent 30 years are reviewed. And the present research status is expounded in terms of ecology, physiology, ethology, anatomy and histology. Some contradictions and controversial conclusions in previous studies are discussed in this paper. Furthermore, some important issues and urgent research points are also discussed to try to shed a light in further studies on breeding biology, and it is also hoped to provide a base for breeding program of this animal in captivity.
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期191-200,共10页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
科技部国际合作重点资助项目(2004DFB03000)
中国科学院重要创新方向项目和创新领域前沿项目(KSCX2-SW-118
220103)
关键词
长江江豚
繁殖生物学
繁殖生态学
繁殖生理学
Breeding biology
Breeding ecology
Breeding physiology
Yangtze finless porpoise （ Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis ）
