摘要
利用C80微量量热仪测定了纯硝酸铵、混有盐酸的硝酸铵在热分解过程中的反应和放热特性.比较了纯硝酸铵热分解反应和加入盐酸后硝酸铵发生热分解反应的不同机理.根据实验测得的热分解反应热流速计算得到热分解反应的化学动力学和热力学参数.结果表明,盐酸对硝酸铵的热分解具有催化作用,其反应活化能小于纯硝酸铵的反应活化能.根据热爆炸理论,利用反应的化学动力学和热力学参数计算得到混有盐酸的标准包装硝酸铵的自加速分解开始温度.
The influence of HCl on AN（ammonium nitrate,NH, NO3 ） decomposition was studied. The heat release behavior of the decomposition of pure AN and AN mixtures with HCl were detected using C80 calorimeter. The data are analyzed to show the different characteristics of the decomposition processes. Different mechanisms for describing the decomposition reactions of AN and its mixture with HC1 were presented and compared. Furthermore, the kinetic parameters of the decomposition reaction and the SADTs（self-accelerating decomposition temperature） of AN and its mixtures with HCl in 25kg standard package based on the thermal explosion theory were calculated and compared. The results showed that AN decomposition can be catalyzed by HCl and that the activation energy of AN with HCl is smaller than pure AN.
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2001CB409600)
中国科学院"百人计划"资助
关键词
硝酸铵
热分解
热分析
盐酸
ammonium nitrate
decomposition
thermal analysis
HCl
