摘要
四维地震(4D seimic)主要是指利用重复三维地震测量资料进行油藏动态监测。在油田开发过程中,由于储层特性变化所引起的地震振幅异常、频率变化以及反射同相轴下拖现象等均可作为注蒸汽波及范围四维地震监测的良好识别标志。由于叠后地震资料中常常存在动校正速度不准、动校正拉伸畸变、剩余静校正误差、以及CDP道集中各道波形的差异性等多方面的问题,这会对叠后地震资料所反映出的四维地震异常特性产生影响,造成解释结果的差异性和不确定性。为此,本文尝试开展叠前地震属性反演研究,利用瞬时频率、瞬时频率梯度、能量衰减85%时的频率、最大振幅频率、最大振幅、总能量等多种衰减属性的叠前剖面及其差值剖面来定性解释四维地震实验区的注入蒸汽在剖面上的反映。
4D seismic is a dynamic monitoring technology for oil reservoir based on repeating 3D seismic survey. In the exploitation of oilfield, seismic amplitude anomalies caused by container layer attribute, frequency variation and the time delay of reflection lineups can all be used as 4D seismic monitoring parameters. Because there are usually many errors in stacked data, such as, imprecise dynamic correction in velocity, waveform distortion caused by normal moveout correction stretching, static correction residual, and waveform difference in CDP gathering, they influence the feature of 4D seismic anomaly from stacked seismic data, and cause indetermination and difference in explanation. To solve this problem, we tried to study the attribute of pre- stack seismic data, which is to interpret the response of injected steam in 4D seismic region qualitatively with instantaneous frequency and its gradient, frequency that attenuated 80 %, peak frequency, maximum amplitude, and total energy.
出处
《华北地震科学》
2006年第1期17-22,共6页
North China Earthquake Sciences
关键词
四维地震
叠前属性反演
衰减属性
4D seismic, pre-stack attribute inversion, attenuation attribute
