摘要
目的为探讨飞行人员的视觉功能指标与小视角目标识别能力的相关性，以便为制订定量标准提供依据。方法对61名视力正常男性飞行员的双眼常规视力、3个对比水平处（0．92、0．30和0．11）的对比视力和7个空间频率处（0．5、1．0、1．8、3．7、9．2、29．1和43．6cpd）的对比敏感度以及他们对5种视角（13．18’、10．31’、8．25’、6．67’和5．56’）、两个对比度（90．61和2．03）的飞机图形的识别正确率进行测量。测量数据输入微机进行多元相关分析。结果①常规视力与上述图形识别无相关性；②对比视力与低对比时的5种视角图形识别均有显著相关，与高对比时的3种视角图形识别存在显著相关；③对比敏感度函数与高、低对比时的3种视角图形识别存在显著相关。结论常规视力作为识别目标能力的评价在视力≥1的人员中是没有什么作用的。对比敏感度函数作为预示识别具有不同对比、不同大小目标的能力，对比视力作为预示识别具有不同对比的小目标能力均是有意义的。
Objective To investigate the correlation among visual acuity(VA), multicontrastvisual acuity(MCVA), contrast sensitivity (CS) and identification of aircraft image. Methods Sixtyone pilots with routine visual acuity≥1 were examined with a series of vision tests. Tests included measures of routine binocular visual acuity,Landolt 'C' visual acuity at 3 contrast levels (MCVA), CS at7 spatial frequencies(CSF) and the effectiveness of identifying aircraft images, which were shown at 5visual angles and 2 contrast levels. Results The results showed that there was no correlation betweenidentification effectiveness and routine visual acuity, while the correlations between MCVA and effecti veness of identifying low contrast images of 5 visual angles, as well as high contrast images of 3 visualangles were significant. The correlations between CSF and effectiveness of identifying images of 3 visualangles at high and low contrast were also significant. Conclusion The results suggested that MCVAand CSF were useful in assessing the performance of identifying targets, while routine visual acuity wasnot helpful in this aspect in pilots with VA≥1.
