摘要
多孔材料具有减震和吸收冲击能量的特点,但是单一的多孔材料强度较低,为降低爆炸冲击载荷对结构的破坏,在混凝土墙壁或者两层装甲钢板中间添加一层或者几层多孔吸能材料(多孔聚氨酯、泡沫铝、铁等)构成多层复合抗爆结构,实现防爆和衰减冲击波的功能。当炸药爆炸驱动飞片高速冲击多层复合结构时,多孔材料产生塑性变形被压实。由于多孔材料冲击波阻抗很低,能够大大地削减应力波的强度。在这个过程中,飞片的冲击能量被减小,和单层结构相比,防爆能力被提高。为研究多层复合结构的防爆机理,应用冲击载荷下的材料动态本构关系,对冲击波在“钢板—多孔材料—钢板”3层介质中的传播规律和各层介质中的冲击载荷进行计算,并对应力波在多孔材料复合结构中的衰减变化过程进行一维理论分析。
The porous materials can absorb impact energy, but it can not be singly used for blast-resistant structure due to its low strength. To reduce the destruction of shock wave, a multi-layer compound structure for blast-resistant is constructed by adding porous materials in concrete wall or between steel plates. The impact load enforced on target can be effectively relieved. When a flyer impacts a target at high speed, the porous material layer is compacted. The intensity of stress wave can be greatly decreased because of lower wave impedance and plastic deformation. Thus, the impact energy of flyer is cut down. Compared with one layer structure, the blast-resistant capability was improved. To study the blast-resistant mechanism of multi-layer structure, a dynamic constitutive model for steel plate and porous material was applied to calculate impact load and propagation of stress wave in three-layer materials. Based on one dimensional stress wave theory, the damping of impact load and stress wave in the compound structure was investigated
出处
《兵工学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期375-379,共5页
Acta Armamentarii
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(10402006)
关键词
爆炸力学
爆炸冲击
复合结构
多孔材料
应力波
防爆
explosive mechanics
explosion impact
compound structure
porous material
stress wave
blast resistant
