摘要
基于G IS技术和Qu ickB ird遥感影像,采用修正的通用土壤流失方程RUSLE作为评价模型,计算了清水沟小流域土壤侵蚀量,并结合土壤侵蚀强度分级标准,生成流域土壤侵蚀强度等级图;利用G IS的叠置分析功能,定量分析了土壤侵蚀与坡度和土地利用之间的关系,并针对不同水保措施预测了水土保持治理效果。结果表明:清水沟小流域土壤侵蚀模数为75.02 t.hm-2.a-1,属强度侵蚀区,年水土流失量2.6×104t;流域64.5%的泥沙来自于占流域面积仅28%的极强度和剧烈侵蚀区域;经分析,流域土壤侵蚀模数与坡度呈显著正相关,不同土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀模数大小排序依次为:难利用地>建设用地>坡耕地>园地>草地>林地;退耕还林是降低土壤侵蚀强度与减少水土流失量的主要途径。
Soil and water loss undermines gravely the sustainable development of the region. Based on the technology of GIS and QuickBird remote-sensing image, volume of the soil erosion in the watershed of Qingshuigou was evaluated, using the revised universal soil loss equation（RUSLE）. Relationships of soil erosion with land use and land slope gradient were analyzed by means of spatial overlay of GRID. On such a basis, effective countermeasures for controlling the soil erosion were discussed. Results show that the annual average volume of soil erosion in Qingshuigou watershed reached 75.02 t · hm^-2 · a^-1, which is in the range of intensive erosion. A soil erosion intensity map was thus obtained based on classification of soil erosion intensity, showing about 28% of the watershed suffers serious soil erosion, with sediment being higher than 16 780 t · a^-1 and contributed 64.5% to the watershed＇s. A significantly positive relationship of soil erosion with slope gradient was observed. Soil erosion varied sharply with type of land use in a decreasing order of unusable land 〉 construction land 〉 cuhivated slope land 〉 garden field 〉 grass land 〉 forest land. ＂Grain for Green＂ is one of the major strategies to reduce soil erosion and soil and water loss.
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期1-5,共5页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家社科基金项目(04BSH027)
甘肃省黄土高原水保世行贷款监测评价项目(050321-1)
西北师范大学青年基金资助项目(NWNU-QN-05-41)
