摘要
采用五步连续萃取法对我国最大的淡水湖———鄱阳湖主要支流底泥中的重金属(Cu,Co,Cd,Pb,N i)形态进行了研究。结果表明,五步连续萃取法对底泥中各重金属总量分析结果的相对标准偏差均低于10%(Cd除外)。Cu,Co,Cd,Pb,N i五种元素的总量(mg.kg-1)分别为:26.888,16.248,1.081,37.984,20.457,其中Cu,Cd,Pb分别是11年前鄱阳湖底泥中的1.8,2.7,1.9倍。其最高形态的含量(mg.kg-1)依次为:13.267(残渣态S5),0.407(碳结合态S2),7.468(残渣态S5),15.145(铁锰氧化物结合态S3),15.525(残渣态S5),而各元素生物可用性最高的可交换态(S1)含量普遍较低。除Cu外,其他四种元素的有机物结合态(S4)均低于20%,Cu,Co,N i三种重金属其主要存在的形态均为残渣态(依次为52.265%,45.278%,74.817%)。首次同时对鄱阳湖多条支流底泥中重金属进行了形态分析,确定了重金属在不同形态间的分配关系及地域分配关系,为鄱阳湖环境综合治理提供了参考数据。
In this study, six branch rivers of Poyang Lake, the biggest fresh water lake in China, are studied to determine their environmental pollution level. An improved analytical procedure involving five steps sequential extraction is used for particulate heavy metals （Cu, Co, Cd, Pb, Ni）. The sediment samples are analysed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy （FAAS）. Experimental results obtained on five replicate samples of fluvial bottom surface sediments at the sampling points demonstrate the relative standard deviation of the sequential extraction procedure is generally better than 10% （Cd except）. The average extracted contents of five elements, analyzed after all five steps, are found to be （mg · kg^- 1 ） for Cu ： 26. 888, Co： 16. 248, Cd ： 1. 081, Pb ： 37. 984, Ni： 20.457. The content of Cu, Cd, Pb is 1.8, 2.7, 1.9 times as high as that in 11-years-age sediments of Poyang Lake, respectively. The content of the exchangeable specie is generally lower. Except Cu, the percentage of the species bound to organic matter is lower than 20%. The main fractions of Cu, Co, Ni are the residue （52. 265%, 45. 278%, 74. 817%, respectively） This is the first speciation analysis on several branch rivers sediments of Poyang Lake in a paper. From the results, we obtain the distribution relationships of five kinds of species. The data can be supplied to govern the environments of Poyang Lake.
出处
《东华理工学院学报》
2006年第1期66-73,共8页
Journal of East China Institute of Technology
基金
江西省自然科学基金(0520002)
教育部鄱阳湖湖泊生态与生物资源利用实验室开发基金
关键词
形态分析
鄱阳湖
底泥
重金属
连续萃取
speciation analysis
Poyang Lake
sediments
heavy metal
sequential extraction
