摘要
目的调查某院住院患者下呼吸道感染病原菌变化情况,为临床治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析1998年1月-2003年12月住院患者下呼吸道感染痰培养结果。结果共调查患者10 970例,痰标本送检率为58.52%,痰培养阳性率为36.54%,共检出病原菌2 346株。各年份病原菌检出均以革兰阴性菌为主,平均占64.75%,其中肺炎克雷伯菌居第1位,但检出率逐年下降,构成比差异有显著性(χ2=26.53,P<0.05);铜绿假单胞菌占第2位,各年份构成比差异无显著性(χ2=6.608,P>0.05);大肠埃希菌居第3位,各年份构成比差异有显著性(χ2=38.48,P<0.05)。革兰阳性菌占21.87%,以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,其各年份构成比差异有显著性(χ2=21.08,P<0.05)。真菌占10.95%。结论下呼吸道感染病原菌菌谱是不断变化的,呼吸道感染性病原菌诊断是临床选用有效抗菌药物的重要依据,临床医师应高度重视。
Objective To investigate the pathogenic change in lower respiratory tract infection （LRTI） in inpatients and to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on sputum cultivation results of LRTI patients who were hospitalized from January 1998 to December 2003. Results A total of 10 970 patients were surveyed, sputum sample delivering rate was 58.52%, the positive rate of sputum cultivation was 36.54%, 2 346 pathogenic strains were isolated, 64.75% of which were gram-negative bacilli. The most common isolated pathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae, but the isolation rate decreased with each passing year, there was significant difference in constituent ratio among every year （x^2 = 26.53, P 〈 0.05） ; the second isolated pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, there was no significant difference among every year （？（2 = 6. 608, P 〉 0.05） ; Escherichia coli was the third isolated pathogen, there was significant difference among every year （X^2 = 38.48, P 〈 0.05）. Gram-positive cocci accounted for 21.87%, most of which was Staphylococcus aureus, there was significant difference among every year （X^2 = 21.08, P 〈 0.05）. Fungi accounted for 10.95 %. Conclusion Pathogens in LRTI changes frequently, pathogenic detection is the important basis for effective antimicrobial application and should be paid more attention.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2006年第2期161-162,164,共3页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
呼吸道感染
细菌培养
病原菌
痰培养
respiratory infection
bacteria culture
pathogen
sputum cultivation
