摘要
民初建立的包括国会在内的一整套民主共和制度是一种供给主导型的制度变迁,这种变迁模式的成败取决于提供制度变迁的权力主体是否具有权威和理想。这一制度第一供给主体是南京临时政府,他们有理想但缺少权威,第二供给主体是北京政府,他们有权威但无理想。国会作为民主政治生活中限制个人独裁、维护公民权利的根本措施,就无法成功地在中国运行。制度需求的缺失也是造成国会失败的原因之一,但不是主要原因。
A series of democratic system was set up in the early days of the Republic of China, which was a supply-oriented institutional change mode. Whether the mode could succeed or not depended on the authority and ideal of the power body, which supplied new institutional arrangement. The first power body of new institution was Nanjing Provisional Government, which had political ideal but was short of political authority. The second was Beijing government, which had political authority but was short of political ideal The parliament was an essential measure that restricted individual dictatorship and protected civil rights in democratic political life. It was doomed to failure in China at that time. The absence Institutional demand was also one of reasons for the failure of parliament but not the major reason.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第4期57-60,共4页
Journal of Historical Science
关键词
社会转型
国会
制度供给
制度需求
social transformation
parliarnent
institutional supply
institutional demand
