摘要
国际海上运输与其它运输方式相比,具有较大的危险性,且海上危险具有全损性,一旦发生海上事故,实行一般民法损害赔偿的“所受损害及所失利益”的“完全赔偿”方法,不利于船舶所有人的资本保护。因此,为了适应国家发展需要,鼓励和扶持航海事业,各国海商立法大都对船舶所有人责任加以限制。但是,鉴于船舶所有人责任限制政策影响索赔人权益甚巨,国际公约及各国立法趋向对船舶所有人的责任限制力求合理与公平,即船舶所有人责任制度已由纯粹保护船舶所有人的传统做法,逐渐转型为兼顾社会利益与债权人利益的做法。
Compared with other modes of transportation, international ocean transportation involves more risks, which includes total loss. Once there occurs a peril of the sea, a shipowner＇ s capital cannot be adequately protected by the ＂complete compensation＂ for ＂the damage and loss suffered,＂ which is a compensatory way popular in civil law. To meet the requirement of national development and to encourage and support the shipping industry, many countries have limited the liabilities of a shipowner in maritime legislations. However, since the limitation of liabilities of a shipowner has much to do with the claimants＇ interests, international conventions and laws in all countries incline to seek justice and equity in limiting the liabilities of a shipowner. Thus, while determining the limitation of a shipowner＇ s liabilities, people have gradually changed shipowner＇ s benefit to concurrently caring for social as their traditional notion that is purely for the protection of a well as creditors＇ interests so as to pursue a balance.
出处
《西南政法大学学报》
2006年第1期110-116,共7页
Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law
关键词
船舶所有人
责任限制
合理与公平
shipowner
liabilities limitation
justice and equity
