摘要
话题结构的显现与话语功能、使用频率、语用推理等因素密切相关。本文以英汉历代具代表性作品中的会话语篇为语料,利用语法化理论,对话题结构进行历时研究。语料和统计数据表明,左偏置结构在古汉语中就高频出现,它是汉语话题语法化的原型结构。受事提前为话题后,句子的施事主语与受事话题开始竞争语法优先权。英语话题因主语概念的完善阻碍了它的发展,因而始终处于话语功能层面。汉语话题在近代进入句法领域,其语义关系的多样性和句法地位的独立性促使其语法化为汉语特有的语法范畴。汉语新话题结构(TC3-TC6)的出现为话题类型学提供了新的例证。
Data show that the frequency of left dislocations (TC_1) was much higher than TC_2 in Archaic Chinese but from 900 A.D. TC_1 declined sharply while the other greatly rose. We hypothesize that it's the time that Chinese topic had begun its grammaticalization and TC_1 is the prototype of the grammaticalized topic. In the frequency of TC_1 and TC_2 in English, however, we haven't found the same diachronic change. Topic in English doesn't hold its own syntactic position and has retained the functional status from EMdE to PDE. New topic constructions in Chinese offer good examples for the study of topic typology.
出处
《外语教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第2期101-107,共7页
Foreign Language Teaching and Research
基金
"大连理工大学青年教师培养基金"的资助
