摘要
目的探讨黄胸鼠体表革螨的雌雄性比及生活史各期年龄构成。方法现场随机抽样调查及常规分类鉴定,以从小型哺乳动物黄胸鼠体表分离鉴定出数量较多的革螨作为重点研究对象。结果从1990年至2004年在云南省境内共调查了25个县(市),捕获黄胸鼠3765只,从3765只黄胸鼠体表采集革螨18250只,经分类鉴定隶属于9科17属40种。其中有7种革螨采集数量较大,分别是纳氏厉螨10667只、毒厉螨5124只、柏氏禽刺螨1286只、鼠颚毛厉螨218只、鼠拟脂刺螨215只、矮肛厉螨162只、鼩鼱赫刺螨131只,其他33种革螨采集数量均小于100只。7种主要革螨的雌性比例(78.61%～100%)明显超过其雄性比例(0～21.39%),有些革螨还采集到幼虫,前若虫及后若虫(但数量均较少),只有柏氏禽刺螨的幼期比例较高(72.01%)。结论在多数革螨的自然种群中,雄性个体明显少于雌性个体,可能与革螨的孤雌生殖有关;专性吸血的柏氏禽刺螨生活史各期都可寄生在黄胸鼠体表。
Objective To study the sex ratio and the age structure of gamasie mites on the body surface of Rattus flavipectus. Methods Field investigation, randomly sampling, and conventional identification methods were adopted. The species of ectoparasitic gamasid mites growing abundantly on the body surface of Rattus flavipectus were selected in this study. Results Twenty-five counties （towns） in Yunnan province were chosen for sample collection between 1990 to 2004. Totally 18 250 gamasid mites were collected from the body surface of 3 765 captured rats （R. flavipectus）. All the mites were identified and grouped into 40 species of 17 genera in 9 families. Seven species of gamasid mites （Laelaps nuttalli, 10 667 ;L.echidninus, 5 124; Ornithonyssus bacoti, 1 286; Tricholuelaps myonysognathus, 218; Liponyssoides muris, 215 ; Proctolaelaps pygmaeus, 162; and Hirstionyssus sunci, 131 ） growing abundandy on rats were selected for further studies. The number of individuals from the other 33 species was less than 100. The numbr of female （78.61%-100%） in these seven species was remarkably higher than the male. Only a few larva, protonymphs and deutonymphs were found in all these 40 species. The number of O.bacoti at immature stage （72.01%）was higher than other species. Conclusion in the natural environment, the number of male gamasid mites are usually lower than the female. The differences in sex ratio might be related to their parthenogenesis. It may also be explained by the fact that certain mites （e.g.O.bacoti） can established the whole life cycle by ectoparasitic on the body surface of Rattus flavipectus.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2006年第3期293-295,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
云南省自然科学基金(No.2003C0057M)
云南省教育厅科研基金(No.032619C)
云南省教学科研带头人培养基金。
关键词
蜱螨亚纲
革螨
性比
年龄结构
acari
gamasid mites
sex ratio
age structure
