摘要
目的探讨孕期不同阶段铅暴露对大鼠胎盘和子代的影响。方法108只大鼠随机分为4组,于孕期不同阶段饮服0.025%醋酸铅。对照组孕期全程饮服蒸馏水;实验1组孕早期染毒,孕后期饮服蒸馏水;实验2组孕早期饮服蒸馏水,孕后期染毒;实验3组孕期全程染毒。孕末期腹腔静脉取血,原子吸收光谱法测定血铅,检测仔鼠数目、体重、身长和尾长。从大体、光镜和电镜等不同水平观察铅对大鼠胎盘结构的影响。结果实验组大鼠孕末期血铅水平均高于0.483μmol/L;孕期全程染毒组的胎盘重量[(0.31±0.13)g]和仔鼠的体重[(2.08±0.88)g]、身长[(2.37±0.32)cm]、尾长[(0.98±0.09)cm]均最低,与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义。血铅水平与胎盘重量呈负相关,与仔重无相关性。实验组胎盘海绵带滋养叶巨细胞和空泡化细胞增多,迷路带及海绵带滋养细胞呈退行性改变,绒毛周围纤维蛋白沉积增多。胎盘超微结构显示胎盘滋养细胞周围微绒毛短小、稀疏,线粒体肿胀、数目减少,粗面内质网扩张,膜上核糖体数量减少。结论孕期不同阶段铅暴露可能对胎盘滋养细胞有损伤作用,从而妨碍胎盘的血液供应及母子间营养物质及氧气的交换,导致胎盘重量减低和仔鼠生长发育不良。
Objective To investigate the effects of lead exposure to rat placenta and pups during different gestation periods. Methods All 108 Wistar rats （72 females, 36 males） were randomly divided into four groups. All rats were orally fed with 0. 025% lead acetate during different gestation periods. Blood was obtained from the abdominal vena cava and the lead level in maternal blood was measured by means of atomic absorption spectrometry at the end of the pregnancy. The number of pups, their body weight, body length and tail length were measured. The effects of lead to rat placenta were observed by level of microscopy, optical microscopy and electronic microscopy. Results Experimental groups the blood lead level at the end of gestation were above 0. 483 μmoL/L. There were significant differences among, of pups, during different groups（ P 〈0. 01 ）. Among them the drinking lead group of whole distans was the lowest in placenta weight [ （0.31 ±0. 13）g] body weight of pups [ （2. 08 ±0. 88）g] length and tail length of pups [ （2. 37 ± 0. 32 ） em, （ 0. 98 ± 0. 09 ） cm ]. There were significantly differences between the experimental groups and controls. Maternal blood lead level was negatively related to placenta weight （ r = 0. 652, P 〈 0. 01 ）, and had no relation with the body weight of pups （ r = - 0. 107, P = 0.46）. In the experimental groups of lead poisoned rats, the placenta showed focus necrosis in the deciduas, and increased the trophoblastic ＇giant cells and light staining cells in the trophospongium. Trophoblast in the labyrinth and trophospongium showed degeneration; fibrin deposition around the villi was increased. Microvilli around the trophoblast were shorter and less, mitochondrion was swollen and decreased in number, rough endoplasmic reticulum was distended and ribosomal number on membrane decreased. Conclusion Lead exposure during different gestation periods should have a traumatic effect on the trophoblast, leading to interference of nutrition and oxygen exchange. F
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期101-104,F0003,共5页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
吴阶平医学基金会临床科研专项资助基金资助项目(32034000970402)
关键词
铅
大鼠
胎盘
Lead
Rat
Placenta
