摘要
生态安全是21世纪人类社会可持续发展所面临的一个新主题。本文归纳了学术界对生态安全概念的各种理解和认识,并将生态安全内涵概括为:(1)生态系统自身的健康、完整和可持续性,(2)生态系统对人类提供完善的生态服务。简述了生态安全的研究内容,提出了生态安全研究框架。综述10年来生态安全方面的研究进展,概括出生态安全研究十几年来的3个基本理论:①生态系统健康与环境风险评价理论;②环境(生态)安全的国家利益理论;③生态权利理论及其法律实践,以及生态安全研究所采用的几种主要技术方法．最后提出了生态安全研究展望。
Ecological security is critical to sustainable development of human society in the 21st century, which has been paid great attention to by Chinese government since 2003. Firstly, introducing many different understandings on the concept of ecological security, this paper summarizes ecological security concept as follows： Ecological Security is an interdiscipline of natural sciences and social sciences. The concept of ecological security connotes （1） the health, integrity and sustainability of ecosystems and （2） the ecosystems services contributed to human welfare. Ecological security has the characteristics of globality, nonreversibility of ecological damage and chronicity of ecological recovery. Secondly, this paper reviews the research progress on ecological security and puts up a frame of ecological security that is the health, integrity and sustainability of ecosystems, the ecosystems services, and the analysis and assessment of ecological security. The main researches focus on the regional construction and management of ecological security. But the weak researches are on ecological security with globalization and climate change; especially, there is no generally recognized concept of ecological security now, and little new methods of analysis and assessment on ecological security are developed recently. Thirdly, 3 basic theories are concluded on ecological security developing in over 10 years： （1） Assessment of ecosystems health and environmental risk; （2） National interests in environmental/ecological security; and （3） Ecological fight theory and legal practice. And several main research methods on ecological security are sum up too. Finally, the research proposal outline in the future is offered： a. to make and bound the concept of ecological security; b. to build the theory for ecological security subject; c. to develop the research methods; d. to build the assessment systems; and e. to make the decision-support model for the regional sustainable development.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第6期8-20,共13页
Progress in Geography
基金
福建省自然科学基金资助项目
编号 D0410013。
关键词
环境
生态安全
可持续发展
研究综述
ecological
environmental
security
sustainable development
review
