摘要
通过对６８０份栽培稻、８８份中国纯合普通野生稻的同工酶基因多样性和非随机组合现象的研究发现：（１）籼稻的多样性大于粳稻，对中国而言，普通野生稻大于籼稻，籼稻大于粳稻。（２）东南亚品种的非随机组合值很低，分化较低。基因多样性（Ｈ）、基因型频率（Ｆ）很高，是一个多样性中心。（３）南亚品种多样性和东南亚差不多，非随机组合值偏低，分化较差。但Ａｕｓ稻多样性很小，非随机组合值较高，分化较彻底。（４）除中国云南以外的中国其它品种籼粳分化最彻底，多样性很小。中国云南粳稻多样最小，籼稻多样性近中，非随机组合值和中国的其它品种接近，从同工酶上看，中国云南不像是一个多样性中心。但发现和Ｅｓｔ－２座位相关的非随机组合值很低。（５）籼粳交后代材料非随机组合值低，多样性偏高，推测籼粳交在水稻籼粳分化过程中起着很大的作用，有降低分化程度，增加多样性的作用。（６）中国普通野生稻非随机组合值很小，多数座位间不显著。可见，野生稻的分化是很小的。（７）广亲和品种与Ｅｓｔ－２相关的非随机组合值很低，全部不显著，但其余的组合都较高。与中国云南品种的非随机组合值结果十分类似。
cultivars of O.sativa from Asia,Africa & America and 88 homozygous O.rufipogon strains from China were analyzed for their isozymic diversity and nonrandom association of genes.Following results were found:(1)The diviersity of indica is higher than that of japonica.In China,the dirersity of O.rufipogon is higher than that of indica and indica is higher than japonica.(2)The southeast Asian vareties show a high level of genetic diversity and low value of nonrandom association(R～2value)of isozyme.This illustrates that this area is a diversity center(3)The diversity of south Asia varieties(except Aus rice)is lower than that of southeast Asia.Its R～2 values is higher than that of south-east Asia.However Aus rice has a low diversity and high R～2 values.(4)Varieties from China(except Yunnan province)possess a high degree of differentiation and low diversity.The diversity of japonica from Yunnan province is the lowest in the samples used by the authors and that of indica rice is in between.Its R～2 values are close to that of other varieties from China.This shows that Yunnan province may not be a diversity center. However,the R～2 relating to Est-2 locus is vary low.(5)The vary low R～2 value and high diversity of the advanced progenies of indica×japonica implg that cross can reduce the degree of differentiation and increase the diversity.(6)O.rufipogon from China have a low R～2 value and its most combinations are not significant.(7)The R￣2 values relating to Est-2 of WCVs arevary low,but other combinations are vary high.This is similar to R～2 values of Yunnan province rice.
基金
国家自然科学基金
