摘要
针对覆盖度小于28%的沙蒿群丛,通过野外测试和风洞模拟实验,研究了行带式、等株行距和随机不均匀等3种水平配置格局的防风固沙效果及其流场特征。结果表明:①行带式配置格局具有非常显著的阻碍和降低风速的作用,流场结构稳定规则;等株行距次之;随机不均匀配置格局内局部有风速抬升现象流场结构复杂多变。②行带式配置格局带间形成“凹月”形稳定沙面并能出现结皮,流沙被完全固定,而随机不均匀分布的沙蒿群丛内有明显的风蚀现象。③行带式配置格局在带的背风侧和迎风侧分别形成4.0m和0.5m的一个风速显著降低区,成为提高防风固沙效果的核心。
The study object of this thesis is Artemisia halodendron shrub association with coverage less than 28 %. By field observation and simulation experiment in wind tunnel, we studied their wind-preventing and sand-fixing effects as well as the flow-field features when in belt, equal distance （plant-to-plant and row-to-row）, and random distribution. （1） Belt Artemisia halodendron pattern can remarkably reduce wind speed and its flow field is steady and regular, which followed by the equal distance pattern; Random distributed pattern appeared phenomenon of increasing wind speed in part area and its flow fields is complex. （2） Belt pattern resulted in “concave moon” sand surface and inhabited soil crust, therefore, shifting sands have been fixed; Random pattern existed remarkable wind erosion. （3） There are two remarkable wind-reducing regions with 4.0 m in leeward and 0.5 m in windward of belt pattern. They become the core of improving wind-preventing and sand-fixing effects.
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期108-112,共5页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
国家基金项目(30360089)"干旱半干旱区沙地疏林配置结构与固沙机理的研究"
国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)"中国北方沙漠化过程及其防治研究"(G2000048705)
国家林业局项目"沙地雨养植物区试验"
中韩合作项目"毛乌素沙地固沙造林示范模式与技术研究"资助
关键词
沙蒿灌丛
低覆盖度
风速流场
防风固沙效果
Artemisia halodendron shrubs
low coverage
flow fields of wind speed
wind-preventing and sand-fixing effect
