摘要
2003年3月至2004年5月在陕西周至国家自然保护区的玉皇庙地区,采用目标动物取样法(Focal ani-mal sampling)对2003年出生的5只金丝猴个体行为发育进行了观察,应用全事件记录法(All-occurrences record-ing)进行数据的收集。结果表明23日龄婴儿首次从母亲怀内爬出在树枝上活动,68日龄开始在树上攀爬跳跃,5月龄主动采食树叶和啃投食区食物,6月龄跟随社群迁移。依据婴幼儿主要行为首次出现时间及其变化,把1周岁内个体发育分为5个时期,即完全依赖期、探索外部世界期、融入社群期、适应生存期和逐步独立期。1周岁内婴幼儿活动和休息的地方是母亲怀里、其它个体怀里、树枝上和地面上。随着发育,婴幼儿在这些地方停留的时间也在变化。1周岁内婴幼儿在母亲怀中的时间与年龄存在明显的负相关,在其它个体怀里的时间与年龄也呈显著负相关。虽然独自在树上的时间与年龄相关性不显著,但在地面上停留的时间与年龄呈正相关。
Between March 2003 and May 2004, we studied the behavioral development of five Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus roa＇ellana at Yuhuangmiao, Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve in Shaanxi, China. We sampled the infants using focal animal sampling and collected data using the all-occurrences recording technique. Our results showed that infants first ventured away from their mother at 23 days of age and engaged in exploratory play at 68 days of age. At 5 months, they actively fed on solid foods and were capable of traveling with the troop by 6 months of age. Based on the first appearances of behaviors, we divided R. roxellana ＇ s development into five stages： Stage 1 （0 - 1 month）, complete dependence; Stage 2 （1 2 months）, exploration; Stage 3 （3 - 7 months）, socialization; Stage 4 （8 10 months）, adaptation; and Stage 5 （11 12 months）, gradual independence. During the first year, the infants could be found in physical contact with their mother or another caretaker. They also could be located either on tree branches or on the ground. Time spent in contact with the mother and other caretakers was negatively correlated with infants＇ age. There was no significant correlation between infants＇ age and time spent on branches. However, time spent on the ground was positively correlated with infants＇ age [Acta Zoologica Sinica 51 （6）： 953- 960, 2005].
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第6期953-960,共8页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.30370202)
美国圣地亚哥动物学会
Amerman基金
OffieldFamily基金
Cosmo石油环境卡基金
教育部科学技术研究重点项目(No.204186)
陕西省自然科学基金(No.2003C129)资助~~
关键词
川金丝猴
婴幼儿
行为发育
一雄多雌单元
Sichuan snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana, Infants, Behavioral development, One-male unit (OMU)
