摘要
根据毛细现象的基本原理，首先从毛细管中液面的形状方面证明：只要毛细管的弯管口在容器中的液面以上，弯管中的液面永远呈凹弯月面，液体决不会自动流出．其次又从势能角度说明：如水滴流出管口，相当于一水滴从容器中液面沿着毛细管自动来到管口外，若管口在容器中液面以上，则该水滴重力势能增加，同时表面能也增加，而这种势能自发增长的过程是不可能实现的．
According to the fundamental tenets of capillarity,firstly from the aspeet of the shape of liquid in capillary.The following conclusion is proved. The liquid surface has the shape of concave crescent and the liquid can’t flow out automatically when the mouth of the bent tube is above the liquid surface. Then, it illustrates from the aspect of the improving amount of potential energy that, if a drop of water flows out of the mouth of tube, it is analogous to the fact that a drop of water flows out automatically along the capillary from the liquid surface in vessel. If the mouth of tube is above the liquid surface, the potential energy of gravity of this water drop increases, at the same time the surface energy also increases. But it can’t be put into practice for this potential energy to increase automatically. For this reason, that capillary action is impossible for water to flow upwards.
出处
《郑州轻工业学院学报》
1996年第3期67-70,共4页
Journal of Zhengzhou Institute of Light Industry（Natural Science）
关键词
毛细管
势能
表面张力
capillary tube
potential energy
surface tension
