摘要
州际协定是美国各州自主解决地区乃至全国性问题时最常用的手段之一,它的合法性由《联邦宪法》第一条第十款第三项赋予。在联邦体制的不同阶段,美国联邦最高法院对该条款的解释是不一样的:在1893年的“弗吉尼亚州诉田纳西州”以前,所有的州际协定都需要国会的批准;此后,只有那些触及到联邦权利或可能改变联邦体制内力量平衡的政治性协定仍须国会批准,而其它的非政治性协定则不再需要国会明示批准。在放松对各州缔结协定的限制的同时,联邦最高法院对成员州及其公民遵守协定的约束却越来越加强,使州际协定的法律地位愈加巩固。
Interstate compacts are one of the most durable mechanisms used by several states to solve regional or national problems, and are legalized by U.S. Constant., Art. 1, Sec. 10, C1. 3. As the United States Supreme Court＇s interpretation of the compact clause differs with the evolvement of American federalism, Congressional consent was required for all interstate compacts before 1893, but ever since ＂COM. of Va. v. State of Tenn. ＂, the Supreme Court has hold that, only those agreements which affect the power of the national government or the ＂political balance＂ within the federal government, require the consent of Congress. While releasing restrictions on several states＇ entering into compacts, the Supreme Court has strengthened its control of the enforcement of the compacts, thus making them more powerful.
出处
《山东师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
北大核心
2005年第5期96-100,共5页
Journal of Shandong Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
关键词
美国
联邦体制
州际协定
联邦最高法院
the United States
Federalism
Interstate Compacts
the United States Supreme Court
