摘要
在一个供应商和两个购买商所构成的两级供应链中,传统的订购活动发生在需求不确定性消除之后,即购买商在销售季节中进行即时订购。现在供应商提供给购买商一次提前订购的机会,使得其中一个有能力进行提前订购的购买商拥有两次订购机会。相对于纯粹的即时订购,在一定的条件下当供应商提供提前订购机会后,两个购买商的订购量都增加了,商品的零售价格更低。此时所有的供应链成员的利润水平都增加了,供应链实现了一次帕累托改进。具体分析比较了即时订购模式和提前订购模式下的动态博弈过程,并求出了均衡解,对进一步优化提前订购策略进行了探讨,对结果进行了分析对比。
In a supply chain consisting of one supplier and two buyers, the traditional order activities always take place in the selling season after demand uncertainty is resolved. Now the supplier gives the buyers a chance to order products before the selling season, which offers one of the buyers with opportunities of making orders twice. Under certain conditions the total profit of supply chain increases when the supplier offers re-orde- ring opportunities. The supplier and the two buyers would realize Pareto Improvement. The processes of dynamic games of traditional ordering models and advanced ordering model are compared, and equilibrium results are gained by using backward induction, Improvement method for our model is put forward at the end.
出处
《管理科学》
CSSCI
2005年第5期2-6,共5页
Journal of Management Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(70471042)
湖北省科技攻关项目(2003AA401C22)
关键词
供应链
博弈
逆向归纳法
帕累托改进
Supply chain
Game
Backward induction
Pareto improvement
