摘要
在科学的客观性问题上,以往主要有两种代表性的观点:一是客观性是科学合理性的产物;二是客观性是社会与境的产物。哈拉维的“情境化知识”是在后一种路径上发展出的对客观性的解读,主要有三个特征,即局部的视角、负责的科学和发展的辩证法。这一理论丰富了我们对客观性的理解,开启了身体与意义关系研究的新节点,并具有政治和伦理意义。
Since 1960＇s, social biologists have tried to explain altruism based on evolution but without invoking the cruel natural selection rule of Darwinism. Group selection and family selection theories were then established to explain altruism within groups and families. Elliot Sober and David Sloan Wilson introduced a new perspective in their book “Unto others： The evolution and psychology of unselfish behavior”. They further developed the group selection theory by distinguishing between intra - group selection and inter-group selection to justify selections at the group level. In the light of this theory, altruism is superior in the inter-selection while egoism is superior in the intra - selection, and altruism will evolve in the global population in this way.
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第11期20-24,共5页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
关键词
客观性
情境化知识
局部视角
科学
altruism
egoism
natural selection
social biology
