摘要
减数分裂前,莴苣花药中的钙颗粒很少。减数分裂后,花药绒毡层细胞中的钙颗粒明显增加, 同时在花药药室基质中也出现许多细小的钙颗粒。刚从四分体中释放出的小孢子内钙颗粒很少,伴随着花粉外壁物质在小孢子表面的沉积,钙颗粒开始积累在花粉壁部位。随后,小孢子中开始出现钙颗粒。当小孢子开始形成液泡后,钙颗粒向其中聚集,伴随着小液泡融合成大液泡,体积较大的钙颗粒主要集中在液泡中,而细胞质基质中的钙颗粒很少。随着二胞花粉中的大液泡消失,花粉细胞质中的钙颗粒变得很少。在以后的发育中,只有花粉壁中积累较多的钙颗粒。在莴苣花药发育过程中,钙与绒毡层细胞的退化和小孢子液泡形成以及二胞花粉中大波泡的消失有关。而花粉外壁表面积累丰富的钙与以后花粉的萌发有关。
Potassium antimonite was used to locate calcium in the anther of lettuce （Lactuca sativa L.） during its development. At the early stage of anther development there were few calcium granules in microspore mother cells and the cells of anther wall. After meiosis of microspore mother cells, calcium granules first appeared in the tapetal cells in which some small secretive vacuoles containing many calcium granules were formed and secreted into locule. Then, the tapetal cells began to degenerate. At the late stage of microspore, tapetal cells completely degenerated and its protoplast masses moved into anther locule with many calcium granules. Few calcium granules were precipitated in the microspores just being released from tetrad, but some on the surface of exine. Then calcium granules appeared in the nucleus and cytoplasm of early microspores, as wall as in the exine. When microspores formed some small vacuoles containing some calcium granules, and then the small vacuoles fused to form a large vacuole, the calcium granules in the nucleus and cytoplasm evidently decreased, microspore developed to the late stage. The result suggested that calcium is related to the formation of large vacuole in microspores. The wall of microspore also is a main location of calcium granules during its developing. At early microspore some calcium granules began to accumulate in exine, which suggested calcium related with exine formation. At late stage of microspore, most of calcium granules were mainly deposited on the surface of exine. After the first mitosis of microspores, the large vacuole of bicellular pollen disappeared and calcium granules in the large vacuole went back to cytoplasm again. When bicellular pollen synthesized starches some calcium granules appeared on the surface of starches, which suggested calcium may regulate starch synthesis. With amount of starches increasing, calcium granules disappeared from pollen cytoplasm and only some of them located on the surface of pollen.
出处
《实验生物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期377-386,共10页
Acta Biologiae Experimentalis Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(30170060)
