摘要
在载人航天中，人体会受到一系列动力因素（冲击、振动等）的影响，其中冲击力的作用可能引起人体组织或器官的损伤，因此对冲击问题的研究受到医学和工程部门的关注．本文讨论了有关人体冲击动力学模型的类型．自由度数选择、模型的结构特，支、模型物理参数选择、非线性问题、模型检验和应用等．模型的建立应以合理的假设为前提、可靠的实验数据为依据；其关键在于确定模型中的物理参数．经过实验检验正确的模型在航空航天中有着广泛的应用前景：它可以从理论上预测人体的结构动力学响应，优化防护结构参数和确定人体允许的冲击暴露量．
In manned spaceflight,human body is subjected to various dynamic factors(im-pact,vibration,etc.),and impact force may cause damages to human tissuses and organs.Human body impact dynamic model is discused from the following aspects:type of the model,the number of degrees of freedom,characteristics of the model,selection of the physi-cal parameters,nonlinear problems,verification and application of the medel and so on.The model should be constructed on the basis of reasonable hypotheses and reliable experimental data and the key to the question is the determination of the physical parameters in the model.The model verified by tests will be of wide application in manned spaceflight:it can be used for calculating human body dynamic response to impact,optimizing parameters of preventive systems to minimize the injury and determining the limits of human impact exposure.
出处
《航天医学与医学工程》
CAS
CSCD
1996年第5期381-384,共4页
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
关键词
冲击
人体
动态模型
动态响应
生物力学
impact human body dynamic models dynamic response biomechanics Address reprint requests to LIU Bingkun.(Institute of Space Medico-Engineering,Beijing 100094.China)
