摘要
以V ens im为工具,建立了稻田田间及中等尺度水量转化的系统动力学模型;通过漳河灌区团林试区实测资料检验,证实了模型的适用性及其精度。将模型用于田间及中等尺度回归水的模拟,探讨了回归水评价指标随田间及中等尺度的变化规律,对影响稻田回归水变化的因素进行了敏感性分析。结果表明:地表回归水量随田埂有效高度的增加线性减少;田埂回归水量随田块长度的增加线性增加,随田埂宽度的增加而明显减少;田埂回归水和田间回归水均随水力传导度的增加而增加;地下回归水随坡度的变陡而增大;地表回归水、田间回归水及田埂回归水均随旱作比例的增加而减少。田块狭长组合方式的回归水重复利用系数比宽窄组合方式大。回归水评价指标计算表明,灌溉降雨回归系数比灌溉回归系数能更好的反映田间出流及回归水的利用;中等尺度的灌溉回归系数和灌溉降雨回归系数分别是田间尺度的1倍左右;中等尺度上的重复利用系数不大,说明可以提供给下游使用的回归水量大;干旱年份的回归水重复利用系数比平水年的大。
Based on System Dynamic approach and Vensim software package, a model was developed to simulate field and mezzo scale water balance transform processing in paddy rice. The model was calibrated and validated with data from Tuanlin Experiment Station, Zhanghe Irrigation Scheme, and then it was applied to simulate the return flow at the field and mezzo scale. The variation laws of evaluation indices with scale and hydrological year were investigated, and then main elements which affect return flow were analysis. The results show surface return flow decreased linearly with increase of effective height of the border; return flow of the border increased linearly with terrain length and decreased significantly with increase of terrain width; return flow of the border and field increased with increase of hydraulic conductivity; subsurface return flow increased with increase of topographic slope ; surface return flow, return flow of border and field decreased with increase of the upland ratio. A narrow combination of field got higher reuse efficiency of return flow. Return flow coefficient of irrigation ~ rainfall was more suitable for return flow evaluation than return flow coefficient of irrigation. Return flow coefficient of mezzo scale was twice of the field scale. Reuse efficiency of return flow in mezzo scale was very low and it was higher in dry year.
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期1-4,共4页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(50109004)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET040664)
关键词
稻田
回归水
尺度
系统动力学
回归系数
rice paddy
return flow
scale
than normal year. system dynamic
return flow coefficient
