摘要
目的:从历史的角度探讨精神分析中的人格理论产生、发展及变化的过程,为心理咨询的临床工作提供参考。方法:检索有关精神分析的相关书籍,检索词“精神分析、人格”,对检索到的文章中相关信息进行分析。结果:弗洛伊德通过对人格的形成、发展及对人格障碍的治疗等探索,创建了精神分析人格理论。指出人格的结构由本我、自我、超我3部分组成,它们在整个生命过程中始终处于相互作用、相互融合的状态。强调潜意识中的人格冲突可造成焦虑状态,为了克服这种焦虑并保持心理平衡,个体常会采取一系列的自我防御机制的方法来使之得到缓解。结论:及时处理好人格发展过程各个阶段所出现的问题,对于保持心身健康发展和维持健全人格都是非常重要的。由于弗洛伊德仅从生物学的角度分析人格,其人格理论也有较大的缺陷。
AIM：To investigate the formation, development and variety of personality theory in the psychoanalysis from the historical angle to provide reference for clinical work of psychological counseling. METHODS：Books related to psychoanalysis were retrieved by using the keywords of ＂psychoanalysis, personality＂, the related information in the retrieved books were analyzed. RESULTS：By search for the formation, development of the personality and the treatment of the personality disorder, Freud founded the psychoanalysis personality theories.He pointed out that the structure of personality comprised id,ego and super-ego.They were always interaction and inosculation in the whole life process.S.Freud emphasized that the personality conflict in the subconscious may cause anxious state. In order to overcome the anxiety and keep the psychology balance, the individual always take a series of methods on self-recovery mechanism to alleviate them. CONCLUSION：To deal with the appeared problems in each stage of the psychology development process in time is very important for keeping psychosomatic health and personality sanity.Freud only analyzed personality from the biologiecal angle, so his personality theory had some biggish limitations.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第36期117-119,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
