摘要
唐代以封还皇帝诏命为对象的封驳制度渊源于两汉,酝酿于初唐,形成于唐代中后期,主要由门下省官员给事中职掌。封驳的目的在于追救缺失,防患于未然,而封还诏敕并加以驳正则是其最主要的方式。在权力高度集中的封建皇权社会,封驳制度在加强权力监督、抑制皇权膨胀等方面无疑有着积极的意义,然而这种作用也不宜高估,唐代中后期三省制的破坏在很大程度上妨碍了封驳作用的发挥,而当政者能否接受逆耳之言、给事中能否履行职责也同样决定着封驳作用的发挥。
The system of sealing and refuting the imperial decree in the Tang dynasty, mainly operateol by “Geishizhong”—— the provincial high officer, may go back to the Han dynasty. It was started at the beginning of the Tang dynasty and established in the mid-late period of the Tang dynasty. The purpose of the sealing and refuting is to stop mistakes and faults before it happens. Its chief way is to seal the imperial decree and refute correctly. Undoubtedly the sealing and refuting system holds a positive meaning in strengthening the power supervision, suppressing the expansion of the imperial power in the highly centralized power feudal society. However, its function shouldn＇t be over- evaluated, for the destruction of “three provinces” in the mid-late period of the Tang dynasty hindered the function to a great extent. Moreover, whether the emperor could accept bitter truth and whether the provincial high officer could fulfil his duty would also affect the functioning of the sealing and refuting system.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第9期39-45,共7页
Journal of Historical Science
关键词
唐代
封驳
诏敕
给事中
封还
Tang dynasty
sealing and refuting
imperial deeree
provineial high offieer
sealing and returning
