摘要
19世纪50、60年代,在资本主义生产关系尚未占优势的情况下,俄中两国先后启动了工业化。至第一次世界大战前,俄国工业化成就斐然,成为世界五大工业强国之一,而中国工业化成效甚微,与俄国存在着巨大的差距。造成如此结局的原因也许有很多,但两国工业化道路的差异应是其中的重要因素。中国工业化以军事工业起步,俄国以纺织工业为先导;中国政府不扶植私人工业发展,对私人企业横加摧残盘剥,俄国积极扶植私人企业发展,且利用外资,官民并举;中国政府不重视铁路建设,俄国以铁路建设为龙头,带动其他各业发展;中国政治改革滞后,工业化与政治近代化脱节,俄国政治改革紧随其后,与工业化紧密相联,产生了良好的促进作用。
In the fifties and sixties of the 19th century, under the circumstances when the capitalist production relations had not yet occupied a dominant position, both Russia and China started industrialization successively. On the eve of the First World War, Russia＇s achievements were remarkable, and Russia became one of the five major industrially powerful countries in the world, but China＇s industrialization achieved very little, and existed enormous disparity with that of Russian industrialization. There maybe many factors leading to it, but the differences of two countries＇ industrialization＇s roads should be an important factor among them.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第8期111-117,共7页
Journal of Historical Science
关键词
早期工业化
差距
差异
经验教训
early industrialization
disparity
difference
experience and lessons.
