摘要
论证了全区制种授粉期遇高温干燥火南风，结实率低是减产的主要原因，成熟期遇连阴雨种子穗上发芽加剧种子减收。根据高产基地多年研究成果，探讨选择好基地，安排好授粉期，实施好降温增湿辅助措施以及科学施用穗粒肥、微肥，调节父母本花时，变换人工辅助授粉方式，推广低容量喷施“九二０，施用抗穗萌剂减少穗上发芽等高产、稳产、高效制种对策。
In 1994, the acreage of hybrid rice seed production all over Chenzhou Prefecture, Hunan was2609. 3 hectares with an average yield of 2. 93 t/ha, 14.08%lower than that of 1993( 3. 41t/ha ) and10. 12%lower than that of 1991～1993(3. 26t/ha). The reasons for the decrease in yield were analyzed andconsidered mainly as the unfavorable climatic factors at heading period(high temperature, dry wind) and atripening stage(raining and low temperature ) resuling in a poor synchronization of anthesis, low stigmaexsertion rate, less effective pollen load, weaker stigma vigor and lower outcrossing rate (only 12.8%～31.0%seed set for most of the medium─maturing combinations), and seed germinating on panicle, Thepreventive measunes were put forward mainly as:(1) Chosing appropriate place with good natural condi-tions for seed production. (2) Well─arranging seeding time to make heading and pollinating in optimum pe-riod with favourable climatic conditions. (3 ) Spraying cold water and keeping deep standing water aroundnoon when temperature is high to lower field temperature and increase field humidity. (4 ) Applying GA3with ultra─low volume sprayers. (5) Spraying boric fertilizer l 500 g/ha at initial and full heading stages toimprove the synchronization of anthesis.
出处
《杂交水稻》
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第6期17-20,共4页
Hybrid Rice
关键词
发校水稻
制种
气候因素
抗灾
hybrid rice seed production
climatic factors
yield decrease
outcrossing rate
