摘要
山楂白绢病是山楂扦插苗上常见的病害。病原菌为齐整小核菌（ＳｃｌｅｒｏｔｉｕｍｒｏｌｆｓｉｉＳａｃｃ．）。菌丝生长及菌核萌发的最适温度为２５～３０℃；在ｐＨ值２～１３范围内，菌丝均能扩展并形成菌核；河北地区该病从６月底开始发生，一直持续到９月上旬，其中７月上旬至８月中下旬为发病高峰期，高温高湿有利于病害发生。药剂试验表明：５０％退菌特、５０％克腐特、３６％甲醛、７０％代森锰锌对菌核萌发有明显抑制作用。木霉菌株Ｔ－８８能有效地抑制病菌的菌丝生长和菌核的形成，也能抑制菌核的萌发。
The
Sclerotium blight of hawthorn caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is a com-mon disease of
hawthorn cuttings in Hebei province.The incidence of this disease in plasticcovered
greenhouse is up to 92%～15.1%.The root and stem ofhawthorn is mainly infected,the infected
sites shrink,cortex cracks.The young root softly rot that the whole plant whith-ers and dies.25～
30℃ is the optimum temperature for mycelia growth and form Sclerotiumsat pH value 2-13.In
Hebei province,this disease occurs from the end of June to the first dec-ade of September,the
prevailling peak through the first decade of June to the second and lastdecades of August,high
temperature and humidity favor the disease development. Fungicidaltests reveaI that 50 %
Tuzet,36%Formaldehyde,70 % Mancozeb etc.significantly inhibitSclerotium gennination.The
Trichoderma T-88 can efficiently inhibit mycelia growth,Sclerotium formation and germination of
this pathogen.
关键词
山楂
白绢病
生物学特性
药剂试验
扦插
Sclerotium blight
Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc
biological character
fungicidal
test
