摘要
汉安帝时期各类灾害发生频次高,分布范围广,发展态势凶猛,灾情严重,连锁性、群发性等特点显著。安帝时期的荒政体系,分为务虚性和务实性两种类型。前者主要包括巫术救灾和皇帝百官减损礼乐、反躬自咎、以身作则两方面内容。后者包括三个方面,一是灾前预防对策,其内容有:疏浚河渠,引灌农田;积极筹措、储存备荒粮食。二是灾时抗御、赈济对策,其内容有:认真实施灾情奏报制度,严禁隐瞒虚报;发放钱物,遣医就地治疗,收葬死难者;调粟禀贷。三是灾后补救恢复对策,其内容有:收养灾民子弟,稳定灾民情绪;招抚流亡,鼓励占籍;开苑囿、假公田、赐粮种,以恢复和发展生产;减免赋税徭役;减省贡献,提倡节俭。
In the period of Emperor Han'an,all kinds of natural calamities occurred frequently, widely and violently.The losses caused by the calamities were serious.The calamities occurred with many evident characteristics such as chain reaction and concentrated happening.The system of relieving policies could be divided into two kinds:formalism and realism.The former mainly included two sides.One was relieving calamities in the manner of witchcraft,the other was reducing what the emperor and officials needed,also they all thought themselves and showed examples to others. The latter included three sides.The first was the precautionary measures,such as dredging canals for irrigating fields and preparing against natural disasters.The second was fighting and relieving measures,such as implementing calamity conditions strictly,providing money and goods,dispatching doctors for curing in the exact area,burying the dead,and transporting grain for loans.The third was remedial and recovery measures,such as adopting the juniors of the victims for calming their depressions,attracting the refugees and encouraging them to register,permitting them to get something in the official gardens,lending official field and granting grain seeds,remitting taxes and corvee, reducing tributes and advocating frugality.
出处
《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2005年第4期93-97,共5页
Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
汉安帝
自然灾害
特点
荒政
Emperor Han'an
natural calamity
characteristic
relieving policy
