摘要
利用浑善达克沙地地区8个典型气象站近50a的气候资料,以及锡林郭勒盟南部1903—1975年旱涝等级指数数据,主要运用Excel分析了该区时空气候变化特征。近50a来,整个浑善达克沙地地区气温升高的趋势和全球变暖表现一致,而且气温升高更加显著。无论从100a尺度还是50a尺度上看,整个区域在不同的年代都存在有较大的干湿差异;然而降水量的变化趋势表现不同,在50a尺度上,整个区域降水量呈波动中微弱减少的态势,且存在区域差异。从气温、降水量、蒸发量以及平均相对湿度的变化情况看,都有趋势表明浑善达克沙地以朱日和为代表的西北部地区,较中部和东南部有明显暖干化趋势,将可能是未来生态环境更加脆弱的地区。整个区域自1970年以来,年平均风速在减小,但近40a来浑善达克沙地西部地区沙尘暴一直在发展;东部地区的沙尘暴在1980年以前呈增加的趋势,1980年以后则明显减少,但新近频繁发生的沙尘暴表明,东部地区沙尘暴的发展也应当引起关注。
Using the climatic data in the last 50 years of 8 typical meteorological stations in the Otindag Sandy Land region, and adopting drought-waterlogging grade index during 1903-1975 in the south of Xilingol League, this paper analyzed the temporal-spatial climatic change characteristics with the help of Microsoft Excel 2000. During the last 50 years, the trend of temperature rising in the whole region is not only agreed with the global warming, but also the warming extent is more obvious. There are greater differences between dry and wet in different decades, whichever in the view of 100 years or 50 years. However, the trend of precipitation change is not similar. In the last 50 years, the precipitation not only decreased accompanying with undulation, but also presented differences among regions. Many evidences showed that the North-West part of the Otindag Sandy Land region with typical Zhurihe station had more obvious warming and drying trend than the middle-north part and the south-east part, such as air temperature, precipitation, evaporation and annual mean relative humidity, and there maybe will become more awful. The annual mean wind velocity in the whole region is decreasing since 1970. But the dust-storm in the west part of this region was existent at all times. Although the east part had obvious decrease after 1980, the frequent dust-storm in recent years challenged us the future of the east.
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期557-562,共6页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
<国家重点基础研究发展规划>"中国北方沙漠化过程及其防治研究"(G2000048705)
