摘要
在莱州湾海水入侵地区较严重的山东省莱州市沿岸内陆,利用高矿化水灌溉耐盐性植物大田试验的基础上,于2003年10月～2004年6月进行了海水入侵区微咸水补充灌溉冬小麦的田间大面积试验,并对灌区地下水时空分布进行初步观测,结果表明:(1)海水入侵地区大面积种植冬小麦,返青后期的关键生育期,采用2 4～3 2g/L和3 2～5 0g/L微咸水与咸水,适时、适量地进行补充灌溉,其产量比雨养种植的小麦增产35 87%～38 43%,获得较高经济产量。(2)微咸水补充灌溉二次后,60cm土体盐分累积比雨养种植处理(不灌溉)增加了28 5%和72 3%,随着作物的生理耗水和生态耗水作用的加强,土壤盐分随水分的蒸发而主要积累于40cm以上的土层,季节性降雨使土壤盐分下降,雨量偏小或季节性干旱,土壤盐分仍然存在于上层土体。然而,微咸水灌溉冬小麦,增加了土壤水的体积容量,及时补充因干旱缺水而造成植物的生理耗水量,确保植株干物质的积累,取得较高的生物产量。
On the basis of foregoing field experiments, further one was performed using moderately saline water to irrigate winter wheat from Oct 2003 to Jun 2004, in the coastal area of Laizhou bay, where seawater intrusion and soil salinity become more and more severe recently. The results showed: (1) when using the saline water with the salinity level of 2.4～3.28 g/L and 3.2～5.0 g/L to irrigate winter wheat during the late period after returning green and with a optimal amount, the seed yield of winter wheat increased by 35.87% and 38.43% respectively, compared with rainfed agriculture. (2) the total solid salts (TDS) in the soil layer of 0～60 cm, after the second irrigation, increased by 28.5% and 72.3% respectively, compared with rainfed agriculture. Meanwhile, TDS were largely cumulated above 40 cm due to serious water depletion by physiological and ecological demand, in the condition of less precipitation. We concluded usingthe moderately saline water to irrigate winter wheat could increase soil water content, promote the cumulating of dry matter, therefore, achieve to high yield.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期83-87,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"863"节水重大专项"微咸水
再生水高效安全利用技术"(2004AA2Z4091)
关键词
补充灌溉
冬小麦
海水入侵
微咸水
盐分
compensatory irrigation
winter wheat
seawater intrusion
saline water
total solid salts
