摘要
土壤侵蚀与土地利用关系密切,但在不同地区表现不一。喀斯特山区由于土壤侵蚀的特殊性,不能直接沿用其它地区已有的相关成果。选取贵州省西南地区喀斯特发育典型的一个小流域为案例,从土地利用的类型、坡度格局和高度格局三方面与土壤侵蚀的关系进行了探讨,研究发现喀斯特山区土地利用/覆被与土壤侵蚀之间的关系与其它地区不尽相同,表现在:喀斯特山区各土地利用类型土壤侵蚀发生率依次为:草地>林地>旱地>难利用地>建筑用地>水田。除水田外,植被覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的控制存在临界值:20%～60%。土壤侵蚀强度与植被覆盖度近似呈正比。土地利用在坡度和海拔上的分布格局对土壤侵蚀的控制同样存在临界值,其中临界坡度在15～25°之间,临界海拔在1485～1505m之间。
<Abstrcat>Soil erosion is closely related with land use.But there is no generalized rule in the whole world.Soil erosion presents very differently in Karst area in relative to other regions.Taking a small catchment in Karst mountainous area as a case,the study on relationship between soil erosion and land use type,slop distribution pattern and altitude distribution pattern of land use was carried out.Such conclusions were drawn:the biggest percentage of area exposed to soil erosion in each kind of land use was grassland,and woodland, cropland,land difficult to use,built up and paddy field in sequence.Except for paddy field,there was a threshold in the control of vegetation cover rate on soil erosion.It was 20%～60%.While the severity of soil erosion nearly intensified with vegetation cover rate.There was also a threshold in slope pattern and altitude pattern of land use distribution,the former was 15～25°,and the latter was 1 485～1 505 m.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期46-48,77,共4页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(40335046)资助
关键词
土壤侵蚀
土地利用
喀斯特
坡度
海拔
植被覆盖度
soil erosion
land use
Karst
slope pattern
altitude pattern
vegetation cover rate
