摘要
目的调查分析老年人的视力残障状况和致病原因。方法对年度体检中≥60岁的老年人常规检查视力、眼前节、眼底及眼压。对视力低于正常者予以验光矫正和相关眼病检查。筛选出双眼或单眼矫正视力<0.3者进行眼病统计分析。结果893例中单眼或双眼视力<0.3者121例(13.55%)。其中双眼盲和低视力患者43例(4.82%);单眼盲和单眼低视力78例(8.73%)。随年龄增长视力残障的发生率显著增加,各年龄组间差异有极显著性(P<0.001)。121例患者的164只患眼中,125(76.22%)只眼患有2种或2种以上的致盲性眼病,其中白内障居首位。采用Logistic逐步回归和相关分析显示,影响视力最主要的眼病是年龄相关性黄斑变性和高度近视眼底黄斑萎缩,其次是青光眼和白内障。结论老年人随增龄致盲性眼病的患病率显著增加。随着医疗技术的进步和普及,老年人视力残障的发生率可望减少,然而致盲眼病谱可能发生改变,难治性眼病增多。对视力残障老年患者除积极治疗原发眼病,还应重视康复治疗。
Objective To investigate and analyze the visual disorder condition and causes of eye diseases in elderly people. Methods In annual physical examinations, the routine examinations, such as vision, anterior segment, fundus of the eye and intraocular pressure, were made in people over 60 years. The patients with low vision were given infractive correction and other related examination. If the vision was found to be under 0.3(including corrected vision) in single or bilateral eyes, the cases were selected to analyze eye diseases statistically. Results In 893 cases, vision disorder (<0.3) was found in 121(13.55%), bilateral eyes blindness and low vision was 43(4.82%);unilateral blindness and low vision cases were 78(8.74%). As pelople grow older, the incidence of visual disorder increases geometrically. Among every age group, the difference is significant(P<0.001). In 164 abnormal eyes of 121 cases, 125 eyes got two or more blindness eye diseases. The incidence of the cataract ranked the first. Whereas, based on Logistic regression and relative analysis, age-related macular degeneration and atrophy of fundus and macula caused by high myopia came first, and glaucoma was the second, and the last was cataract. Conclusions As the age growing, the morbidity of blind eye diseases increase remarkably. With the progress and popularity of medical care, the morbidity of visual disorders in elderly people decrease gradually, but the type of blinding diseases may be changed. The increase of difficult cases of eye diseases will challenge our work on preventing and treating blindness.
出处
《实用老年医学》
CAS
2005年第3期147-149,共3页
Practical Geriatrics
关键词
视觉障碍
眼疾病
老年人
Vision disorders
Eye diseases
Aged
