摘要
本文综述了季铵型阳离子活性染料的理论与实践纤维素纤维在染浴中解离出羟基负离子,阳离子型活性染料在静电作用下吸附,提高了活性染料的亲和力和直接性,这种作用正是普通活性染料染色过程中无机盐所起的作用,因而阳离子型活性染料在染色中可大量减少甚至不使用无机盐,并可以大幅度提高染料的固色率,降低印染成本,缩短和简化印染流程,大量降低染色废水的排出。阳离子型活性染料大致分为两类:一类是阳离子在活性染料分的母体上,另一类是阳离子在活性基上。染料中阳离子主要有芳胺类季铵盐和脂肪族季铵化合物:染料的的化学结构类型主要是偶氮类、蒽醌类和杂环类,其合成方法与普通活性染料大同小异阳离子型活性染料是普通活性染料性能改进与提高的主要途径之一有25篇参考文献。
The theories and practices of cationic reactive dyes containing a quanternary ammonium group are reviewed with 25 references. Cellulose fiber is hydrolyzed in dyeing bath to give its anion which absorb the cationic reactive dyes via electrostatic force, and the affinity and substantivity of reactive dyes are improved. This has the same effect as the inorganic salt used in dyeing process with common reactive dyes, as a result, the dyeing process with cationic reactive dyes may use less salt or no salt, and has improved fixation and advantages of low cost, shorter and simple process and less wastewater. The cationic reactive dyes have two types, one is the dyes which cation is on the moiety of reactive dyes, the other is the dyes which cation is on the reactive group. The cations are mainly aromatic and alphatic quanternary ammoniums. The chemical structures of these dyes mainly based on azo, anthraquinone and heterocycle. The synthesis methods for these dyes are similar to that for common reactive dyes. Cationic reactive dyes arc the main approach to improve the properties of common reactive dyes.
出处
《染料与染色》
CAS
2005年第1期10-14,共5页
Dyestuffs and Coloration
关键词
活性染料
季铵阳离子
染色
固色
reactive dyes
quanternary ammonium
dyeing
fixation
