摘要
目的调查分析北京市干休所80岁以上老年人单纯收缩期高血压的(ISH)的患病率、靶器官损害发生率及相关影响因素.方法 入户调查北京市28个干休所80～99岁老年人1002例.水银柱式血压计测量血压3次,取平均值记录,按调查表搜集相关资料,同时做健康指导,并查阅干休所门诊部的体检表或定点医院的住院病历进行分析总结.结果 1002例80～99岁老年人中,高血压患者673例,其中ISH455例,占高血压患者的67.61%,占1002例老年人的45.41%.ISH的知晓率为87.90%,双期高血压的知晓率为97.71%;ISH的服药率为77.58%,双期高血压的服药率为80.73%;ISH的血压控制率为58.68%,双期高血压的控制率为62.84%;两组之间差异无统计学意义.ISH和双期高血压的冠心病、心肌梗死、慢性肾功能不全的患病率在两组之间差异也无统计学意义.但ISH和双期高血压两组心功能不全患病率为4.62%对8.72%、脑血管病患病率为41.54%对55.50%,致残率10.55%对16.06%、痴呆发生率为8.57%对12.84%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).ISH的好发年龄为70～79岁.结论 北京市干休所80～99岁老年人的高血压以ISH为主.心功能不全、脑血管病发生率,致残率和痴呆发生率在双期高血压组明显高于ISH组,提示收缩压和舒张压同时升高对老老年人的危害更大.因此,改善周围小动脉弹性,降压治疗要使收缩压和舒张压同时达标,对降低老年人的靶器官损害发生率,提高生活质量、延长寿命具有重要意义.
Objective To study and analysis prevalence and incidence of target organ injury and the relative factors for isolated systolic hypertension(ISH) in Beijing.Methods 1002 cases aged 80 to 99 years were investigated in 28 cadre retirement centers in Beijing. Blood pressure was taken for three times with mercurial sphygmomanometer in every person, the mean values were recorded and the relative material was gathered according to questionnaire after the health education. Physical examination form of outpatient department and inpatient case history in fixed hospital were analyzed.Results In 1002 very old persons, there were 673 hypertensive patients (67.2%) and 455 ISH (45.4%). Among all hypertensive patients, the rate of ISH was 67.6% and double hypertension was 32.4%. Awareness rate was 87.90% and 97.71%, taking antihypertensive drug rate was 77.58% and 80.73%, control rate was 58.68% and 62.84% in ISH and in double hypertension group, respectively, which were no significant differences between the two groups. There was no significant difference in morbidities of cardiac heart disease, myocardial infarction and chronic renal insufficiency between the two groups. The incidences of heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, disability and dementia were 4.62% and 8.72%, 41.54% and 55.50%, 10.55% and 16.06%, 8.57% and 12.84% in ISH and double hypertension group, respectively, which were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.01). The susceptible age period for ISH was 70 to 79 years in this study.Conclusion ISH is more common in hypertensive patients in very old persons at 28 cadre retirement centers in Beijing. Morbidity of heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, disability and dementia were higher in double hypertension group compared with those in ISH group. The results showed that increase of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was more dangerous than that of systolic pressure only for very old persons. The improvement of small arterial plastic and the control of blood pressure to target level (<
出处
《中华心血管病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期343-346,共4页
Chinese Journal of Cardiology
基金
中央保健办保健基金资助(B010)
