摘要
本文利用GIS技术和景观生态学的方法,对成都市双流县1996年～2003年的景观格局特征及其动态变化进行研究。研究采用斑块总面积、破碎化指数和分维数对县域各景观要素进行动态分析,引入多样性指数、均匀度、区域破碎度和城市化指数研究县域内4个代表性乡镇的综合景观格局。结果表明,城市化的发展,对土地利用景观格局会生产时空上的变异: ①同一区域在不同时期景观格局呈现有规律的变化。1996年～2003年,水田和菜地的斑块总面积在不断下降,而城镇居住用地和工矿用地的面积却不断上升;所有斑块要素的破碎化指数除了城镇居住用地,均为下降;河流和交通廊道的分维数最大,是由于它具有最复杂的斑块形状; ②不同区域在同一时期表现出的景观特征也存在差异。与多样性指数不断上升相比,东升镇的均匀度指数先是从1996年的0 672上升到2000年0 680,之后又下降为2003年的0 679;黄水镇的多样性指数呈不断上升趋势,其增幅超过了东升镇;中和镇的多样性指数、均匀度和城市化指数均呈逐年增加趋势,2003年分别达到2 394、0 680和270 81,这在各研究点中是最高的;黄龙溪镇的区域破碎度先是从1996年的0 273下降为2000年的0 213,之后又上升为2003年的0 225。通过对景观格局的动态分析,从中找出影响景观格局的因子。
Landscape pattern is strongly influenced by human activity, especially land-use. This article studied the spatial-temporal variability of landscape patterns from 1996 to 2003 in Shuangliu county, Sichuan province, based on GIS and theory of landscape ecology. All the data came from aerial photos in 1996(1∶8 000), Landsat TM in 2000 and map of land-use in 2003(1∶10 000). Software Arcview3.2, Arc/Info7.1 and Excel2000 were employed in the analysis. Through investigation and analysis, the study region was divided into three primary landscape types and ten secondary landscape types. The indices of landscape pattern used include 'Total patch area','Fragmentation index', 'Fractal dimension','Diversity index', 'Evenness index'and'Urbanization index'. The study showed that landscape patter made a largely spatial-temporal change between 1996 and 2003, thanks to rapid urbanization process. Specific findings are: 1) In general, the dynamic changes of landscape patch key elements from 1996 to 2000 were different from that between 2000 and 2003. The total patch area of irrigated fields and vegetable fields decreased gradually. Meanwhile, the space of urban residences and factories grew aggressively. The fragmentation of all patch key elements decreased except urban residences. The fractal dimensions of corridors were mainly due to the most complex shapes of landscape types. Changes of dimension of fields and residences were significant, and increased between 1996 and 2000, decreased between 2000 and 2003; 2) Landscape patterns in different regions varied from 1996 to 2003. In contrast to the increasing diversity indices, the evenness indices of Dongsheng town increased from 0.672 to 0.680, then decreased to 0.679 in 2003. The increasing ratio of diversity indices in Huangshui town was even higher than that of Dongsheng town. Because of its flat terrain, convenient transportation, short distance to Chengdu city, the diversity indices, evenness indices and urbanization indices of Zhonghe town were increasing year on ye
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期147-153,共7页
Resources Science
基金
国家"863"计划项目(编号:990140046)
四川省教育厅重点基金项目(编号:SC9801402)。
