摘要
根据乌鲁木齐机场1951～2000年50a的月平均气温、最高气温、最低气温资料,分析了乌鲁木齐机场的气温变化特征。结果表明:机场年平均气温以0.033℃/a的速率上升,冬、春、秋3季气温呈上升趋势,冬季上升率为最大,达到0.0949℃/a;夏季气温以-0.028℃/a的速率下降。近50a乌鲁木齐机场经历冷—暖—冷—暖4个时期,其中1951～1960年是一长时期的冷期,四季均明显;1961～1975年为一暖期;1976～1987年为第二冷期;20世纪80年代末至今为一长时间暖期。气候变暖主要表现在冬季变暖。异常冷年(季)70%出现在20世纪50年代,而异常暖年(季)41%出现在90年代。同时50a来,年平均最高、最低气温都呈显著上升趋势,但后者比前者更持续稳定,其增温率更高于前者。这一特点表明最低气温对于监测温度效应加剧可能更为敏感。20世纪80年代末至今,增暖主要发生于夜间。这些事实将有助于对乌鲁木齐机场温度变化的认识。
Based on the mean monthly, maximum and minimum temperature series, the temperature changing characteristics in Urumqi airport in recent 50 years were analyzed in this paper. The results show that the mean annual temperature trends was 0.033 ℃/a, and there were obvious warming trends in spring, autumn and winter, the temperature tendency rate was 0.0949 ℃/a in winter, which was the largest. But the temperature in summer was dropping by the rate of 0.028 ℃/a. In recent 50 years, there were cold- warm- cold- warm evolution processes in Urumqi airport. A long cold period was in 1950s which was obvious in four seasons, a warm period was from 1961 to 1975, the second cold period was from 1976 to 1988, another warm period was from 1989 to 2000. 70% of anomalous cold years (seasons) were in 1950s and 41% anomalous warm years (seasons) were in 1990s. The mean annual maximum and minimum temperatures presented obviously increasing trend, and the latter was much steadier. From the results it is known that the minimum temperature would be more sensitive to monitor the intensity of greenhouse.From 1989 to 2000,abrupt warming occurred mainly in nighttime.These facts would contribute to study the temperature change in Urumqi airport.
出处
《干旱气象》
2004年第4期34-39,共6页
Journal of Arid Meteorology
关键词
气温
变化趋势
倾向率
temperature
changing trend
inclination rate
