摘要
本项研究为国家上地管理局的试点.根据石河子市区域特点及土利用方式,建立了以农用上地级差收益为标准的土地分等定级模式.该模式从土地的区位因素、质量因素及集约化利用因素出发,按5种主要作物的适宜性以及标准理论产量的差异,并综合考虑土地的经济系数和利用系数,对土地进行综合性的质量评定,划分出8个土地等级.
In order to set up a rational land taxation system in China, a farmland classification and evaluation system claims precedance over all others. As one of the experimental study regions, Shihezi city is situated in the centre of the northwest arid desert area of China.Tis annual precipitation is little than 200 mm, and oasis agriculture is the main characteristics of the land use. The authors proceed from the specific land evaluation purpose and the regional features, and set up a farmland classsification and evaluation system which has the following distinguishing features:1. Formulate the calculation of the theoretical standard crop yield, thus providing scientific basis for differentiating of the farmland quality, accordingly we can avoid the errors caused by taking actual crop yield of every piece of farmland as the basis of the land quality evaluation. 2. Separately put 20 land quality influencing factors under three subsystems: the soil nutriment subsystem, water condition subsystem and the environment and technology subsyStem, by this we can accordingly introduce the model of soil nutriment equilibrium,the model of water circulation and the model of bioecosystem and social development into the process of farmland evaluation, thus greatly raising the quantitative extent of the evalu atio n.3. Attach great importance to the analysis of water condition of each land unit. D "ring the form "lation of water condition index, we considered not only the normal factors which influence the balance of annual circulation of water resource, but also the factors, such as the water-yield reaction coefficients of each growth period of the standard crop, which influence the equilibrium between the water requirement and water supply in each different growth period in the life time of the crop.Finally, by comparing the integrated land quality index with the established standard, the farmland of Shihezi is classified into & different levels, the quality levels showed good correspondence relations with the differential land ren
出处
《南京大学学报(自然科学版)》
CSCD
1994年第4期679-689,共11页
Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Science)